Gait Flashcards
What are the four parts of the stance phase?
Initial contact with floor, foot takes weight, move onto ball of the foot, push-off.
What movements are performed in push off?
Toe flexion, plantar flexion and hip extension
What are the two parts of the swing phase?
Lift leg and raise foot, swing limb
What movements are done to lift the leg and swing the limb in swing phase?
Knee flexion, foot dorsi flexion, hip flexion
How is the leg stabilised I weight bearing?
At the knee by collateral ligaments, at the ankle by collateral ligaments, by gluteus minimus and Maximus at the pelvis to prevent pelvis tipping.
How is the change in centre of gravity minimised when walking?
Hip swing internal rotation of the back leg and internal rotation of the front leg.
What is the role of the adductor muscles in walking?
This minimises lateral sway and brings the knee in towards the midline with each step.
What prevents us falling forwards?
The calf muscles.
What is trendelenburg gait?
This is a waddling gait where the pelvis drops because of weakness of hip abductors.
When will a high stepping gait present?
Damage to the common peroneal nerve leads to foot drop and so patient has to bend knee to stop foot dragging on the floor.
What is an antalgic gait?
This is a limb and has shortened stance phase and a gentle heel strike.
