Ankle And Foot Flashcards
What bones make up the ankle joint?
Fibula, tibia, talus
What type of joint is the ankle joint?
It is a hinge type joint with the talus bone wedges between the malleoluses.
When is the ankle joint less stable?
In plantar flexion compared to dorsi flexion
Name the medial ligaments of the ankle joint
Anterior and posterior tibiotalar ligaments, and the tibiocalcaneal ligament and the tibionavicular ligament.
What are the ligaments of the lateral ankle?
Talofibula ligaments - both anterior and posterior, and the calcaneofibular ligament.
What can cause talofibular ligament rupture?
A force when the foot is in plantar flexion
What injury occurs in forced eversion?
Medial malleolus avulsion because of the strength of the deltoid ligament.
What strengthens ankle joint stability?
The muscles of the lower leg as they almost form a sling around the joint.
Why does the transverse arch exist?
Due to the wedge shaped nature of the cuneiform bones.
What maintains the medial longitudinal arch?
Plantar fascia and plantar flexor muscles pull the bones back towards the calcaneus
What maintains the lateral longitudinal arch?
Fascia of the sole of the foot.
What motions occur at the sub-talar joint?
Inversion and eversion.
What bones make up the sub-talar joint?
Talus which rests on calcaneus.
What muscles are innervated by the medial plantar nerve?
Flexor digitorum brevis, flexor hallucis brevis and abductor hallucis.
Name the bones of the foot,
Calcaneus, talus, navicular, cuboid, 3 cuneiforms, metatarsals…
