Bone Disorders Flashcards
What is osteoporosis?
A metabolic disease of bone where there is more breakdown the build up and so it no longer provides adequate mechanical support.
Give two risk factors for osteoporosis:
Elderly, postmenopausal women due to decreased oestrogen production.
What is the cause of osteomalacia?
Vitamin D or calcium deficiency leading to reduced mineralisation of bone.
What two features can be seen in children with rickets?
Bossing of the skull and enlargement of costochondral junctions of the ribs.
What is pagers disease of bone?
This is where bones are enlarged and misshapen due to excessive breakdown and formation of bone followed by disorganised remodelling.
In chronic paget’s disease of bone, what is the effect on bone marrow?
It can become replaced with fibrous connective tissue.
What happens to the cartilage of osteoarthritis sufferers?
It becomes rough, brittle and pitted.
What would be seen on an X-ray of someone with osteoarthritis?
The end of the bones would be thickened to reduce load on cartilage and there may be boney outgrowths.
What happens to the joint space in a person with osteoarthritis?
It narrows.
What is rheumatoid arthritis?
It is an autoimmune condition which attacks the synovium of joints.
Why do suffered of Rheumatoid arthritis have painful joints?
Imflammatlry mediators irritate nerve endings and the joint capsule is stretched due to the swelling.
Why do sufferers of RA commonly have subluxation?
When swelling in the joint capsule decreases, the capsule remains stretched and so is unable to hold the joint in place.
What would be seen on an X-ray of a sufferer of rheumatoid arthritis?
Narrowed joint space and bony erosions.
