Anterior And Lateral Leg

Question 1

What nerve innervates the muscles of the anterior leg?

Answer 1

Deep peroneal nerve (L4,L5)

Question 2

What nerve innervates the muscles of the lateral leg?

Answer 2

Superficial peroneal nerve (L4,L5, S1)

Question 3

Name the four muscles of the anterior leg

Answer 3

Tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus and peronius tertius.

Question 4

What are the functions of tibialis anterior?

Answer 4

Dorsi flexion and inversion

Question 5

Where does tibialis anterior attach?

Answer 5

Lateral epicondyle of tibial and the superior of the lateral surface of fibula. It inserts onto medial cuneiform and the base of 1st metatarsal.

Question 6

Where on the leg does extensor digitorum longus attach?

Answer 6

It attaches to the superior 3/4 of fibula, and the lateral epicondyle of the tibia

Question 7

Which muscle of the anterior thigh attaches to the middle of the anterior surface of the fibula?

Answer 7

Extensor hallucis longus.

Question 8

What are the origins and insertions of peronius tertius?

Answer 8

It attaches to the inferior 1/3 of anterior surface of the fibula, and onto the dorsal surface of the base of the 4th metatarsal.

Question 9

What functions does peronius tertius perform?

Answer 9

Ankle dorsi flexion and eversion

Question 10

What are the origins and insertions of peronius longus?

Answer 10

It attaches to the head of fibula and superior 2/3 of the lateral surface, and it inserts into the plantar surface of the base of metatarsal 1 and medial cuneiform

Question 11

What is the function of the muscles of the lateral leg?

Answer 11

Weak plantar flexion, and eversion of the foot.

Question 12

What are the origins and insertions of peronius brevis?

Answer 12

The inferior 1/3 of the lateral surface of the fibula, and the dorsal aspect of the tuberosity on the lateral side of the base of the 5th metatarsal.

Question 13

What nerve is damaged in foot drop?

Answer 13

The deep peroneal nerve as there is inability to dorsi flex the ankle.

Question 14

Where is the extensor retinaculum found?

Answer 14

This is found over the bony surface of the ankle and holds the tendons of the muscles of the anterior leg against the ankle.

Question 15

Where do tendons of peronius longus and brevis run?

Answer 15

Posterior to the lateral malleolus

Question 16

What artery supplies the muscles of the anterior leg?

Answer 16

Anterior tibial artery which is a branch off the popliteal artery

Question 17

What are the two divisions of the anterior tibial artery?

Answer 17

Dorsalis pedis and arcuate artery which branches around the foot towards the little toe

Question 18

What are the division of the popliteal artery?

Answer 18

It gives off two branches, the posterior tibial and anterior tibial, and then becomes the peroneal artery.

Question 19

Where is the posterior tibial artery pulse palpable?

Answer 19

Posterior to the medial malleolus

Question 20

What artery supplies the plantar side of the toes?

Answer 20

The deep plantar arch from the posterior tibial artery

Question 21

Describe the course of the great saphenous vein.

Answer 21

The great saphenous vein arises from the venous drainage from the foot and runs anterior to the medial malleolus and then posterior to the medial epicondyle at the knee. It drains into the femoral vein at the femoral triangle (saphenous opening)

Question 22

Describe the course of the small saphenous vein

Answer 22

This runs posterior to the lateral malleolus and then up the back of the leg before draining into the popliteal vein.

Question 23

What causes varicose veins?

Answer 23

If the valves stop working, then the veins can become engrossed and may need to be stripped.

Question 24

Describe the course of the common peroneal nerve.

Answer 24

This is a branch off the sciatic nerve at the popliteal fossa. This wraps around the lateral aspect of the knee and splits into deep and superficial branches between the fibula and tibia.

Question 25

Between which muscles does the deep peroneal nerve run?

Answer 25

Between extensor digitorum longus and extensor hallucis longus.