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CLIN CHEM LAB > GLASSWARES AND PLASTICWARES > Flashcards

GLASSWARES AND PLASTICWARES Flashcards

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1
Q

NIST

A

National Institute of Standard and Technology

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2
Q

PETE

A

polyethylene terephthalate

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3
Q

HDPE

A

(high density polyethylene)

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4
Q

LDPE

A

(Low density polyethylene)

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5
Q

PP

A

(Polypropylene)

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6
Q

Major types of resins used in Clin. Chem Lab:

A

A. Polystyrene
B. Polyethylene
C. Polypropylene
D. Teflon
E. Polycarbonate
PPPTP

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7
Q

Primary constituent of pipet tips

A

B. Polypropylene

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8
Q

Very strong plastic but NOT chemically
resistant
○ Autoclavable but with limitations

A

Polycarbonate

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9
Q

Usable temp. range: -100°C to +160°C

A

Polycarbonate

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10
Q

Almost chemically inert - unable to react to
chemicals
○ Chemical-resistant

A

Teflon

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11
Q

Suitable work temp. @: -270 ⁰C to 255 ⁰C

A

Teflon

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12
Q

. Borosilicate Glass is composed of _______

A

BORON

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13
Q

Example of Borosilicate

A

○ Pyrex® and KIMAX®

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14
Q

Strain point: 515
°Celsius (Henry)

A

Pyrex

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15
Q

Strain point: 513
°C

A

KIMAX

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16
Q

● Boron-free
A.k.a “soft glass”

A
  1. Acid- Resistant & Alkali-Resistant Glass
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17
Q

Example of Acid resistant and alkali resistant

A

Vycor 7900

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18
Q

Acid resistant and alkali resistant two characteristics

A

Heat-resistant (not as efficient as
borosilicate glass)
■ Chemically inert (a substance not
chemically reactive)

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19
Q

Silica fused to quartz

A

High Silica Glass

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20
Q

More expensive than borosilicate glass

A

High Silica Glass

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21
Q

High silica glass use for?

A

Spectrophotometer cuvettes

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22
Q

Contain materials that usually impart amber to red color
to the glass

A

Low Actinic Glass

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23
Q

t amber to red color

A

Reduces the amount of light transmitted to the
substance in the glassware disallowing
oxidation

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24
Q

A.k.a flint glass

A

Soda lime glass

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25
Q

sodiuum oxide

A

Soda

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26
Q

calcium oxide

A

Lime

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27
Q

Most inexpensive glass
○ Most common type of glass found outside the
laboratory

A

Soda lime glass

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28
Q

Example of Alumina-Silicate Glass

A

Corex(Corning, N.Y.)

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29
Q

used as resistor for electronic
circuitry

A

Alumina silicate glass

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30
Q

● Common uses: of soda lime glass

A

○ Volumetric flasks
○ Stirring rods
○ Single-use pipette or test tubes

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31
Q

● Common uses: Low actinic glass

A

For light-sensitive substances
■ Bilirubin
■ Vit. A

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32
Q

Acid resistant and alkali resistant use for

A

ashing and ignition techniques

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33
Q

Borosilicate glass use for

A

Heating
■ Open flame or electric heating
elements such as hotplates

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34
Q

MEASURING VESSELS (4)

A

a. Graduated cylinder
b. Burets
c. Volumetric flask
d. Pipet
GBVP

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35
Q

Long, cylindrical tubes usually held upright by
an octagonal or circular base with gradations
along its length

A

A. GRADUATED CYLINDER
Semi-accurate

36
Q

Long cylindrical graduated laboratory glassware with
stopcock

A

B. BURETS

37
Q

Round lower portion and a long, thin neck
with an etched neck or calibration line
which is going to be the mark in
measuring a specific volume

A

C. VOLUMETRIC FLASK

38
Q

Extremely accurate in dispensing aliquots of a
solution

A

B. BURETS

39
Q

Glass or plastic material in the lab used to transfer liquids
● Can either be reusable or disposable
● Majority of pipette can hold only up to 20 mL of a specific
solution
● Used to transfer measured volumes of liquid between
containers

A

D. PIPETS

40
Q

I.Design a and b

A

To contain and to deliver (CD)

41
Q

● A.k.a. “Rinsed-out pipets”
● Able to hold a particular volume but is unable to dispense
the volume indicated.
● For u to dispense the exact volume, Must be refilled and
rinsed-out with the appropriate solvent after the initial
liquid has been drained from the pipet

A

To contain

42
Q

1.) To Contain (TC) (2)

A

○ Sahli-hemoglobin pipets -SHP
○ Long-Levy pipets - LLP

43
Q

Able to transfer the exact volume indicated in the pipette
● Designed to drain by gravity
● Must be held vertically with the tip placed against the
side of the container and must NOT TOUCH the liquid in
it
● Vessel ang nakatilt

A

2) To Deliver (TD

44
Q

Example of CD

A

Mohr pipet - M
○ Serologic pipet - S
○ volumetric transfer pipet - V

45
Q

with a single painted at the top
● Allow to drain by gravity
● No frost/ etched / double lines

A

1) Self-draining pipet

46
Q

B. Drainage Characteristics (2)

A

1) Self-draining pipet - SDP
2) Blown-out pipet - BOP

47
Q

● With double rings/ frost/ etched
● designed to be “blown out” by pushing a small amount of
air out of the pipet, completely emptying it
● For u to deliver the exact amount of the volume specified
by the pipette, it has to be blown out with the use of a
bulb.

A

2) Blown-out pipet

48
Q

Single colored line

A

self-draining

49
Q

Double ring or frosted/ etched ring

A

blown out pipet

50
Q
  • Graduation is much farther from the tip.
A

Left: self-draining

51
Q
  • Graduation is up to the tip of the pipet.
A

Right: Blown out pipet

52
Q

2 types of pipet

A
  1. Transfer pipet (or volumetric)
  2. Measuring or Graduated pipet
53
Q

Example of transfer pipet (4)

A

a. Volumetric
b. Ostwald-Folin
c. Pasteur
d. Automatic macro- & micropipet
VOPA

54
Q

Example (3) Measuring or Graduated pipet

A

a. Serologic
b. Mohr
c. Micropipet
SMM

55
Q

Used to measure and transfer a predetermined volume of
liquid
● Kaya niya ma dispense or ma measure na volume of a
particular solution is only one volume

A

Volumetric or Transfer

56
Q

Volumetric or Transfer

A

Ostwald-Folin Pipet
○ Pasteur Pipet

57
Q

The volumetric pipets are always ___________

A

SELF-DRAINING

58
Q

Ostwald-Folin pipets are

A

BLOWOUT PIPETS

59
Q

Disposable, polypropylene tip

A
  1. Air displacement
60
Q

Use of capillary tip (siliconized, glass, plastic)

A
  1. Positive displacement
61
Q

Commonly used in the laboratory

A

Automatic and Semi-automatic pipet

62
Q

pushed in order to aspirate or dispense a
particular volume of sample or reagent
○ Not going push it but turn it bcs it is going to
serve as a large volume adjustment knob
■ In order to adjust the volume to be
aspirated in much more larger
amounts

A

● Push button

63
Q

○ Simply push this down to remove the pipette
tips that is found at the bottom portion

A

● Tip ejector button

64
Q

○ Used to adjust the volume to be aspirated in
smaller amounts

A

Thumbwheel (Fine volume adjustment ring)

65
Q

Composition of : Borosilicate glass

A

○ 80% silica
○ 13% boric oxide - contains BORON
○ 4% sodium oxide
○ 2–3% aluminium oxide

80 13 4 2-3

66
Q

II. Drainage characteristics

A

A. Blowout
B. Self-draining

67
Q

I.Design

A

A. To contain (TC)
B. To deliver (TD)

68
Q

A. Measuring or graduated

A
  1. Serologic
  2. Mohr
  3. Bacteriologic
  4. Ball, Kolmer, or Kahn
  5. Micropipet
69
Q

B.Transfer

A
  1. Volumetric
  2. Ostwald-Folin
  3. Pasteur pipets
  4. Automatic macropipets or micropipette
70
Q

○ Although it allows us to have an easier
measurement of volumes of samples and
reagents, but the aspiration and dispensing of
such liquids can still be done manually

A

● Semi-automatic pipettes

71
Q

○ It is attached to a machine and a tube is going
to be submerged to a particular solution
○ The machine will be regulating the aspiration as
well as the dispensing of a particular volume of
a reagent ot sample

A

● Automatic pipettes

72
Q

○ Automatic pipettes that obtain the liquid from a
common reservoir and dispense it repeatedly
○ May be bottle top, motorized, handheld, or
attached to a dilutor

A

● Dispensers (Dilutors)

73
Q
  • It is going to rely on a piston for creating a
    suction to draw the sample into a disposable tip
    that must be changed after each use
  • The piston does not come in contact with the
    liquid but there will be unprotected air space so
    there could be a possible aerosol contamination
    of the sample or the reagents that is going to be
    aspirated
  • Can ensure that there will be no carry over
    since u are going to replace the tip
  • However, it going to be less accurate compared
    to positive displacement pipet
A
  1. Air displacement method (left)
74
Q
  • Going to operate by moving a piston in the
    pipet tip or barrel
  • The piston is in the form of a plunger in which it
    is going to be changed once u are going to
    dispense one liquid after another
  • Advantage of piston:
  • There will be protected air space
  • No aerosol
  • Problem: Since you are not going to change the
    tip, there will be a carry over of samples or
    regents to another type of solution
A
  1. Positive displacement method (right)
75
Q

● Characteristics:
○ Rigid
○ Clear type
○ NOT to be autoclaved

A

A. Polystyrene

76
Q

Disadvantage of Polystyrene

A

Not resistant to most hydrocarbons, ketones and ROH

77
Q

Uses of polystyrene

A

capped graduated tubes and test tubes
CGT and TT

78
Q

Example of polystyrene

A

Styrofoam

79
Q

polystyrene can be used for a _____ time

A

short time

80
Q

Polyethylene NOT suitable when using _____, ______, ______ and ______

A

picric acid, stains,
dyes and proteins

81
Q

Polyethylene uses

A

○ test tubes
○ Bottles
○ graduated tubes
○ Stoppers
○ Plastic balls (toys)
○ Plastic wraps
○ Insulators

82
Q

D. Polycarbonate

A

○ tubes for centrifugation
○ graduated cylinders
○ Flasks
○ Roofs of waiting sheds

83
Q

GENERAL CATEGORIES OF GLASS

A
  1. Borosilicate (Kimax/ Pyrex)
  2. High silica Glass
  3. Aluminosilicate (Corex)
  4. Acid & Alkali resistant (Vycor)
  5. Low actinic (amber-colored)
  6. Flint glass (soda lime)
  7. Disposable glassware
84
Q
  • the temperature where
    the glass softens or will transform
    from solid to liquid
A

Strain point

85
Q

Heating beyond strained point could
lead to _________

A

breakage

86
Q

A.k.a Aluminosilicate glass
● With aluminum oxide

A
  1. Alumina-Silicate Glass
87
Q

Can withstand very strong acids, bases,
hydrocarbons, and concentrated alcohols

A

Alumina silica glass

CLIN CHEM LAB (14 decks)

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