GI Tract A&P

Question 1

the GI tract consists of the (6)

Answer 1

1. mouth
2. pharynx
3. esophagus
4. stomach
5. small intestines
6. colon

Question 2

the distal esophagus attaches to the stomach at the (2 names)

Answer 2

1. gastroesophageal junction (GE)
2. esophagogastric junction (EG)

Question 3

folds in the stomach lining are called

Answer 3

rugae

Question 4

_______ let’s food pass from the esophagus into the stomach

Answer 4

cardiac sphincter

Question 5

________ controls the passage of partially digested food from the stomach to the duodenum

Answer 5

pyloric sphincter

Question 6

4 segments of the stomach

Answer 6

1. fundus
2. body
3. antrum
4. pylorus

Question 7

stomach wall should be less than _____ when not distended

Answer 7

less than 5 mm

Question 8

stomach diameter should be greater than _____ when distended

Answer 8

greater than 8 mm

Question 9

what is the proximal portion of the duodenum?

Answer 9

c-loop

Question 10

4 parts of the duodenum

Answer 10

1. superior
2. descending
3. transverse
4. ascending

Question 11

____ and ____ travel posterior to the first portion of the duodenum

Answer 11

CBD and gastroduodenal artery

Question 12

____ is anterior to the transverse (3rd) portion of the duodenum

Answer 12

SMA

Question 13

where does most of the digestion and absorption take place?

Answer 13

small intestines

Question 14

3 parts of the small intestines

Answer 14

1. duodenum
2. jejunum
3. ileum

Question 15

the small intestines is about ____ long

Answer 15

23 feet

Question 16

small intestine diameter should be less than _____

Answer 16

less than 3 cm

Question 17

ileum meets the cecum at the _____

Answer 17

ileocecal valve

Question 18

folds in the colon mucosa

Answer 18

haustra

Question 19

the large intestines absorbs ____ and ____

Answer 19

water and electrolytes

Question 20

3 parts of the large intestines

Answer 20

1. cecum
2. colon
3. rectum and anus

Question 21

4 regions of the colon

Answer 21

1. ascending
2. transverse
3. descending
4. sigmoid

Question 22

bend in the colon that makes the beginning of the transverse colon

Answer 22

hepatic flexure

Question 23

bend in the colon that marks the beginning of the descending colon

Answer 23

splenic flexure

Question 24

the appendix is located at ______ which is halfway between the anterior _____ and _____

Answer 24

McBurney’s point
anterior iliac spine and umbilicus

Question 25

appendix diameter should be less than _____

Answer 25

less than 6 mm

Question 26

appendix wall should measure

Answer 26

< 3 mm

Question 27

what is the best transducer to use in a GI tract scan?

Answer 27

high frequency linear array transducer

Question 28

5 histologic layers of the GI tract and their US appearances

Answer 28

1. superficial mucosa - echogenic
2. deep/muscularis mucosa - hypoechoic
3. submucosa - echogenic
4. muscularis propria/externa - hypoechoic
5. adventita/serosa - echogenic

Question 29

normal bowel should be ____ and have ____

Answer 29

compressible
peristalsis

Question 30

normal intestinal wall measurement

Answer 30

3 to 5 mm

Question 31

TV imaging should be used to evaluate (2 GI tract related)

Answer 31

1. inflamed appendix
2. rectum and sigmoid colon irregularities

Question 32

majority of the GI tract is intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal

Answer 32

intraperitoneal

Question 33

what parts of the GI tract are retroperitoneal (3)

Answer 33

1. duodenum
2. ascending colon
3. descending colon

Question 34

which layer of the GI tract is the thickest?

Answer 34

submucosa

Question 35

GE junction is ____ to the LLL

Answer 35

posterior