Face and Neck A&P

Question 1

saliva is mostly ____, _____, and _____

Answer 1

mostly water, electrolytes, and digestive enzymes

Question 2

3 paired groups of salivary glands

Answer 2

1. parotid glands
2. submandibular glands
3. sublingual glands

Question 3

largest salivary glands

Answer 3

parotid

Question 4

parotid glands are anterior to the ____ and wrap around the _____

Answer 4

anterior to the ears
wrap around the mandibles ramus

Question 5

the parotid gland is separated into ___ anatomic lobes

Answer 5

3

Question 6

the main duct of the parotid glands

Answer 6

Stensen duct

Question 7

salivary glands located below the jaw

Answer 7

submandibular glands

Question 8

submandibular glands are drained by the _____

Answer 8

Wharton duct

Question 9

smallest salivary glands

Answer 9

sublingual glands

Question 10

the sublingual glands are located

Answer 10

under the tongue and anterior to the submandibular glands

Question 11

pyramidal lobe is

Answer 11

superior extension of the isthmus (left side)

Question 12

SAG measurement of thyroid

Answer 12

4 to 6 cm

Question 13

TRV measurement of thyroid

Answer 13

1 to 2 cm

Question 14

AP measurement of thyroid

Answer 14

2 to 3 cm

Question 15

isthmus AP measurement

Answer 15

2 to 6 mm

Question 16

enlarged isthmus measurement

Answer 16

greater than 1 cm

Question 17

____ lobe of the thyroid is typically longer

Answer 17

right

Question 18

3 muscle landmarks of the thyroid

Answer 18

1. strap muscles
2. sternocleidomastoid muscle
3. longus colli muscles

Question 19

3 strap muscles

Answer 19

1. sternothyroid
2. sternohyoid
3. omohyoid

Question 20

hypothalamus produces ______ which controls the release of ______ by the anterior pituitary gland

Answer 20

thyroid-releasing hormone
thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Question 21

____ and ____ aid in the metabolism of fats, proteins, and carbs

Answer 21

thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3)

Question 22

____ is responsible for removing calcium from the blood and stores in the bones

Answer 22

calcitonin

Question 23

thyroid utilizes ____ to manufacture its hormones

Answer 23

iodine

Question 24

3 thyroid hormones

Answer 24

T4
T3
calcitonin

Question 25

___ and ____ are lateral to thyroid

Answer 25

CCA and internal jugular vein

Question 26

first branch of the ECA

Answer 26

superior thyroid artery

Question 27

inferior thyroid artery is a branch of the _____ of the subclavian artery

Answer 27

thyrocervical trunk

Question 28

superior and middle thyroid veins drain into the _____

Answer 28

internal jugular vein

Question 29

inferior thyroid vein drains into ____

Answer 29

innominate veins

Question 30

parathyroid glands are ____ to the thyroid

Answer 30

posterior

Question 31

normal parathyroid measurements

Answer 31

5 mm x 3 mm x 1 mm

Question 32

stimulate cells to remove calcium from bone and raise calcium levels in the blood

Answer 32

parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 33

best transducer to scan salivary glands

Answer 33

high frequency linear

Question 34

when dilated, the ducts of the salivary glands appear ___

Answer 34

anechoic

Question 35

shape of parotid glands

Answer 35

SAG = elliptical
TRV = round

Question 36

shape of sublingual glands

Answer 36

round

Question 37

shape of submandibular glands

Answer 37

triangular

Question 38

best transducer to scan thyroid

Answer 38

6 to 15 MHz linear

Question 39

indications of thyroid ultrasound (8)

Answer 39

1. palpable neck mass
2. enlarged thyroid
3. abnormal areas in a nuclear medicine study
4. differentiate between cystic and solid masses
5. assist in fine-needle biopsy
6. abnormal T4 and T3 levels
7. screening for thyroid cancer
8. follow up of suspected benign lesions