GI Pathology of small animals Flashcards
1
Q
What are some causes of SA GI disease?
A
- Agent:
- Parasites
- Protozoa
- Viruses
- Bacteria
- Other
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Neoplasia
2
Q
What is parasitism
A
- Diagnosis of disease due to GI helminths should be made with knowledge of their pathogenic potential
- Some reside in the lumen of the intestine
- Some cause bloodloss, anemia, hpoproteinemia
- some cause protein-losing enteropathy, inappetence, diarrhea
- Some cause physical trauma to the intestine
- Some cause effects outside the gut
3
Q
What are the major and minor GI diseases of Dogs?
A
- Major:
- Ascarids
- hookworms
- canine parvovirus
- whipworms
- IBD
- neoplasia
- Minor
- Bacterial (Campylobacter, Clostridial, Salmonella)
- Enteric coronavirus
- Boxer colitis
- Isospora
- Giardia
- Tapeworms
- Rotavirus
- Histoplasma
- Prototheca
- Pythiosis
4
Q
What are the major and minor GI diseases of Cats?
A
- Major:
- Ascarids
- Panleukopenia/Parvovirus
- Neoplasia
- Minor:
- Tapeworms
- Enteric coronavirus
- Giardia
- Isospora
- Bacterial
5
Q
What are the major and minor GI diseases of Swine?
A
- Major:
- Neonatal diarrhea (Cystoisospora, ETEC, ROtavirus, coronaviruses)
- E. coli / edema disease
- Postweaning diarrhea
- Lawsonia
- Spirochetes
- Salmonellosis
- Gastric Ulcers
- PCV2
- Minor:
- Ascarids
- Clostridium sp.
6
Q
What are the major and minor GI diseases of Horses??
A
- Major:
- Equine colitis (Clostridium, Potomac horse fever, Salmonellosis, NSAID-related)
- Rhodococcus
- Large and small strongyles
- Various displacements
- Minor
- Parascaris
- Anoplocephala
- Neoplasia
7
Q
What are the major and minor GI diseases of Cattle?
A
- Major:
- Neonatal diarrhea (Bovine enteric coronavirus, rotavirus, Cryptosporidium, ETEC)
- BVDV
- Johne’s disease
- Coccidiosis
- Parasitism
- Acidosis
- Minor:
- Actinobacillosis
- Actinomycosis
- Salmonellosis
- MCF
- Winter dysentery
- BPS
8
Q
What are the major and minor GI diseases of Sheep/goats?
A
- Major:
- Clostridial enterotoxemia
- Coccidiosis
- Contagious ecthyma
- GI parasitism
- neonatal diarrhea (cryptosporidium, ETEC, Rotovirus)
- Johne’s disease
- Minor:
- Salmonellosis
- Tapeworms
- Cysterciasis
9
Q
What is the route of infections for Ancylostoma sp?
A
- Oral
- Skin
- Lactogenic
- Transplacental
10
Q
Morphologic Dx? Pathogenisis?
A
- SI: luminal nematodes and cestodes
- Lifecycle
- infection ⇢ maturation
11
Q
What is the significance of finding Taenia sp?
A
- Most cause limited clinical disease in carnivore hosts; however their metacestodes cause significant disease of intermediate hosts (Cysticercosis)
- Be aware of them and their zoonotic potential
12
Q
Morphologic Dx? Pathogenesis?
A
- Canine colon/rectum: Hemorrhagic colitis, with myriad luminal adult Trichuris vulpis
1. Life cycle - heavy infestations are associated with hemorrhagic colitis/typhlocolitis
13
Q
How does Coccidia affect Dogs and Cats?
A
- Cystoisospora, Isospora sp.: Nonfatal infection in dogs and cats
- Trichomoniasis causes large bowel diarrhea and colitis in cats
14
Q
How does giardiasis affect dogs
A
- Common in dogs but diarrhea is uncommon
- Flattened motile Giardia Trophozoites attach to microvilli
15
Q
Morphologic Dx? Pathogenesis?
A
- SI: segmental hemorrhage (or segmental hemorrhagic enteritis)
- Fecal/oral infection by canine parvovirus (CPV-2a, 2b, 2c)
- Infection of rapidly dividing cells (crypt epithelium)
- necrosis and hemorrhage