GI Diagnostics Flashcards
Abdominal X-Ray findings:
Black?
White?
Grey?
Dark grey?
Intense white?
Black = gas
White = calcification
Grey = soft tissue
Dark grey = fat
Intense white = metal
3-Way View Abd X-Ray Series includes?
1) Ant/Post w/ pt supine (KUB)
2) A/P w/ pt upright (better visual of fluids)
3) Post/Ant (sees air under diaph, chest path)
3-Way View Abd X-Ray Series indicated when?
Abd pain, N/V, distention
suspected intest obstr, perforation, intuss
Abd X-Ray findings w/ Obstruction?
dilated bowel proximal to obstr,
collapsed bowel distal,
air fluid levels
Paralytic Ileus is?
Abd X-Ray findings w/ Paralytic Ileus?
Non-mechanical obstr (bowel doesn’t work but not because of obstruction)
dilated bowel
gas in small and large intest
Abd X-Ray findings w/ Perforation?
free air outside bowel
Abdominal US findings:
Dark?
White?
Dark = hypoechoic
e.g. aorta, bile ducts, abscess, cyst
White = echogenic (solid)
e.g. tumors
Doppler US provides info on what?
blood flow
Abd US indicated when? (7)
Abd pain Elevated LFTs Liver dz Renal fail Pancreas Gallbladder (preferred test for this) S/P (status post) kidney, liver, pancreas transplant
Abd US (P) findings?
cysts, abscess, tumor,
dilated bowel duct,
gallstones/polyps
inflammation
Abdominal/Pelvic CT typically used for what organs?
renal
GU
pelvic
CT contrast?
IV or PO iodine
No contrast used for renal CTs
Ant/Post CT indicated when? (5)
Abd pain/distention N/V Diarrhea/Constipation Rectal bleeed Jaundice Pancreatic (preferred test for this)
Ant/Post CT (P) findings?
similar to US
Spleen tumor, lacer, hematoma, splenic vein thrombosis
Abd Aorta aneurysm
A/P CT findings w/ Pancreatitis?
Acute = inflamm Chronic = calcifications
Other uses for A/P CT? (3)
Virtual colonoscopy/angiography
Visualization during bx or aspiration
Monitor dzs
A/P CT contraindication? (5)
Preggos Unstable pts Obesity Contrast allergy High creatinine
A/P CT complications? (2)
Contrast allergy
Contrast-caused acute renal fail
A/P CT precautions?
Metformin - must hold for 48 hrs post contrast (cause acidosis)
High radiation
HIDA Scan is?
Hepatoiminodiacetic Acid Scan,
gallbladder nuclear scan,
cholescintigraphy
IV radioactive tracer extracted by liver, excreted into bile into gallbladder
HIDA Scan ordered w/ what for best results?
CCK (cholecystokinin) stim test and ejection fraction
HIDA indicated when?
suspected acalculous cholecystitis
non-stone obstruction of cystic duct causing inflamm of gallbladder
HIDA findings w/ acalculous cholecystitis? (3)
No radionuclide in GB w/i 60 min
Ejection fraction < 35%
Test reproduced sxs
HIDA contraindications?
No preggos
