GI Bugs Flashcards

1
Q

If someone is having diarrhea, is it more likely it is caused by a virus or a bacteria?

A

Virus

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2
Q

4 viral causes of gastroenteritis / age:

A

Rotovirus (kids), Norovirus (adults), Astrovirus (children in developing countries; less common), Adenovirus (children; often causes respiratory illness)

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3
Q

How are you likely to contract campylobacter? / who most often gets it?

A

Eating undercooked or contaminated poultry / teens & young adults

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4
Q

Campylobacter - type of diarrhea

A

ranges from watery to bloody

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5
Q

Treatment for Campylobacter:

A

Self-limiting; should resolve within a week.

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6
Q

How do people usually contract Salmonella?

A

Pet reptiles, undercooked/raw poultry/eggs/dairy

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7
Q

Diarrhea that accompanies Salmonella?

A

Severe & watery –> bloody

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8
Q

Tx for Salmonella

A

Should be self-limiting; try not to treat w/abx

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9
Q

What is defining about Typhoid Fever? (4)

A

Long duration of fever, step-wise fever, pea-soup diarrhea, macular rose spot on chest

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10
Q

Organism that causes Tyhpoid Fever

A

Salmonella Typhi

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11
Q

Tx for Typhoid Fever?

A

Cipro / possible gall bladder removal

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12
Q

Way people tend to contract Shigella:

A

Consuming contaminated food or water

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13
Q

Symptoms / diarrhea associated with Shigella:

A

Fever/malaise/watery diarrhea –> bloody, mucousy, pussie diarrhea

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14
Q

Treatment for Shigella

A

Cipro

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15
Q

What is characteristic of E. Coli?

A

NO fever, “all blood, no stool”

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16
Q

How do people get E. Coli?

A

Undercooked beef

17
Q

What is important about an “E. Coli” diagnosis?

A

NO antibiotics, no anti-diarrheals

18
Q

Why should you not use anti-diarrheals / abx when treating E. Coli?

A

E. Coli releases a toxin that can lead to Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

19
Q

Diarrhea associated with Cholera?

A

Rice water diarrhea - NO blood… gray flecks of mucous

20
Q

What is deadly about cholera?

A

Can lead to rapid dehydration - 70% mortality when not treated.

21
Q

How to treat Cholera?

22
Q

Area Cholera is found in?

A

Asia, Africa, Gulf Coast of US

23
Q

What will be in someone’s HPI who has C-Diff?

A

History of abx use 1-6 weeks prior; they got rid of competing flora and are left with C. Diff over growth.

24
Q

Treatment for C. Diff

A

Metronidazole

25
Diarrhea that presents with Giardiasis?
Fatty, foul-smelling diarrhea
26
Treatment for Giardiasis?
Metronidazole
27
What is the world's most common parasite?
Entamoeba histolytica
28
What does Entamoeba histolytica cause?
Amebiasis
29
What do you give prophylactically for Traveler's Diarrhea?
Cipro
30
What type of diarrhea is common with Traveler's Diarrhea? What type is not? What else is not common?
Watery / bloody / Fever
31
GI bugs to treat with Cipro:
Typhoid Fever, Shigella, prophylactic for Traveler's Diarrhea
32
GI bugs to treat with Doxy:
Cholera
33
GI bugs to treat with Metronidazole:
D. Diff, Giardiasis