GI Bugs

Question 1

If someone is having diarrhea, is it more likely it is caused by a virus or a bacteria?

Answer 1

Virus

Question 2

4 viral causes of gastroenteritis / age:

Answer 2

Rotovirus (kids), Norovirus (adults), Astrovirus (children in developing countries; less common), Adenovirus (children; often causes respiratory illness)

Question 3

How are you likely to contract campylobacter? / who most often gets it?

Answer 3

Eating undercooked or contaminated poultry / teens & young adults

Question 4

Campylobacter - type of diarrhea

Answer 4

ranges from watery to bloody

Question 5

Treatment for Campylobacter:

Answer 5

Self-limiting; should resolve within a week.

Question 6

How do people usually contract Salmonella?

Answer 6

Pet reptiles, undercooked/raw poultry/eggs/dairy

Question 7

Diarrhea that accompanies Salmonella?

Answer 7

Severe & watery –> bloody

Question 8

Tx for Salmonella

Answer 8

Should be self-limiting; try not to treat w/abx

Question 9

What is defining about Typhoid Fever? (4)

Answer 9

Long duration of fever, step-wise fever, pea-soup diarrhea, macular rose spot on chest

Question 10

Organism that causes Tyhpoid Fever

Answer 10

Salmonella Typhi

Question 11

Tx for Typhoid Fever?

Answer 11

Cipro / possible gall bladder removal

Question 12

Way people tend to contract Shigella:

Answer 12

Consuming contaminated food or water

Question 13

Symptoms / diarrhea associated with Shigella:

Answer 13

Fever/malaise/watery diarrhea –> bloody, mucousy, pussie diarrhea

Question 14

Treatment for Shigella

Answer 14

Cipro

Question 15

What is characteristic of E. Coli?

Answer 15

NO fever, “all blood, no stool”

Question 16

How do people get E. Coli?

Answer 16

Undercooked beef

Question 17

What is important about an “E. Coli” diagnosis?

Answer 17

NO antibiotics, no anti-diarrheals

Question 18

Why should you not use anti-diarrheals / abx when treating E. Coli?

Answer 18

E. Coli releases a toxin that can lead to Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

Question 19

Diarrhea associated with Cholera?

Answer 19

Rice water diarrhea - NO blood… gray flecks of mucous

Question 20

What is deadly about cholera?

Answer 20

Can lead to rapid dehydration - 70% mortality when not treated.

Question 21

How to treat Cholera?

Answer 21

Doxy

Question 22

Area Cholera is found in?

Answer 22

Asia, Africa, Gulf Coast of US

Question 23

What will be in someone’s HPI who has C-Diff?

Answer 23

History of abx use 1-6 weeks prior; they got rid of competing flora and are left with C. Diff over growth.

Question 24

Treatment for C. Diff

Answer 24

Metronidazole

Question 25

Diarrhea that presents with Giardiasis?

Answer 25

Fatty, foul-smelling diarrhea

Question 26

Treatment for Giardiasis?

Answer 26

Metronidazole

Question 27

What is the world’s most common parasite?

Answer 27

Entamoeba histolytica

Question 28

What does Entamoeba histolytica cause?

Answer 28

Amebiasis

Question 29

What do you give prophylactically for Traveler’s Diarrhea?

Answer 29

Cipro

Question 30

What type of diarrhea is common with Traveler’s Diarrhea? What type is not? What else is not common?

Answer 30

Watery / bloody / Fever

Question 31

GI bugs to treat with Cipro:

Answer 31

Typhoid Fever, Shigella, prophylactic for Traveler’s Diarrhea

Question 32

GI bugs to treat with Doxy:

Answer 32

Cholera

Question 33

GI bugs to treat with Metronidazole:

Answer 33

D. Diff, Giardiasis