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Infectious Disease > Disease with Rashes > Flashcards

Disease with Rashes Flashcards

1
Q

Type of rash associated with Kawasaki / Typical location

A

Polymorphous / Trunk

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2
Q

Name the 5 symptoms associated with Kawasaki.

A

1) Bilateral, non-exudative conjunctivitis, 2) Mucous membrane changes (strawberry tongue, swollen lips), 3) Extremity changes (edema, desquamation, beau lines), 4) Polymorphous Rash, 5) Cervical lymphadenopathy

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3
Q

What causes Kawasaki?

A

Linked to genetics, environment, bacteria, various viruses (coronavirus, yersinia, bocavirus)…

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4
Q

Treatment for Kawasaki?

A

Self-limiting or IVIG and aspirin.

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5
Q

Kawasaki. Rash - before/after/same as symptoms?

A

Same

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6
Q

Rubella, aka, aka

A

German Measles, Milder Measles

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7
Q

What virus causes rubella?

A

Togavirus

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8
Q

Rubella - type of rash / location / duration

A

Fine, faint, pink maculopapular rash / face, trunk, extremities / ~ 3 days

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9
Q

Associated symptoms with Rubella.

A

Arthralgia, post auricular and post cervical lymphadenoapathy

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10
Q

Major concern with Rubella

A

Pregnant women contracting the disease; can cause birth defects - glaucoma, cataracts, hearing deficits, heart defects

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11
Q

Rubella Treatment

A

Self-limiting in adults - acetaminophen, IVIG in pregnant women

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12
Q

Population(s) Rubella affects?

A

Both kids and adults

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13
Q

Etiology of Rickettsia

A

Rickettsia, aka “Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever” is caused by tick bites

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14
Q

Most common time of year / place to contract Rickettsia:

A

April - September / the south

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15
Q

Progression of TYPE of rash associated with Rickettsia:

A

Macular rash –> maculopapular –> petechiae

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16
Q

Progression of LOCATION of rash associated with Rickettsia:

A

wrists/ankles –> rest of body (palms/soles not spared)

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17
Q

Other associated symptoms with Rickettsia:

A

fever, HA, chills, N/V, hard palate lesions, facial flushing, conjunctivitis

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18
Q

With Rickettsia, which starts first - rash or fever?

A

Fever starts abruptly and rash starts 2-6 days later

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19
Q

Treatment for Rickettsia

A

Doxycycline

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20
Q

What causes Roseola Infantum? / What else is it called?

A

HHV-6 or 7 / 6th Disease

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21
Q

Who tends to get Roseola?

A

Kids ages 0-3

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22
Q

What type of rash is associated with Roseola?

A

Rose pink maculopapular rash

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23
Q

What is the progression of Roseola Infantum?

A

Abrupt onset of a high fever (40.6 C) that lasts 8 days; fever ends abruptly; then the rash appears

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24
Q

Treatment for Roseola Infantum?

A

Antiviral that is NOT acyclovir & acetaminophen - control fever!

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25
Q

Who tends to get Erythema Infectiosum?

A

Children 5-15

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26
Q

What else is Erythema Infectiosum called?

A

5th disease

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27
Q

What causes Erythema Infectiosum?

A

Erythrovirus (parvovirus)

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28
Q

Characteristic rash of Erythema Infectiosum?

A

Slapped cheek rash –> lacy, reticular maculopapular rash on trunk and limbs

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29
Q

Treatment for Erythema Infectiosum?

A

IVIG

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30
Q

In Erythema Infectiosum, does the rash come on before/after/same time as fever?

A

Same time

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31
Q

How do you get Lyme disease? / Region?

A

Ticks / NE & N central

32
Q

What type of rash is characteristic of lyme disease?

A

Erythema migrans

33
Q

What does Erythema Migrans mean?

A

Raised red, target-like lesion with central clearing

34
Q

Do you get the rash or fever first in lyme disease?

A

Rash (lesion)

35
Q

Stages of Lyme disease:

A

1) flu symptoms w/erythema migrans rash, 2) weeks-months later - facial, CN 7 palsy, 3) months - years: arthritis

36
Q

Treatment for Lyme disease:

A

Doxy

37
Q

What organism causes lyme disease?

A

B. burgdorferi, spirochete

38
Q

What organism causes Toxic Shock Syndrome?

A

Staph aureus

39
Q

What is the rash associated with Toxic Shock Syndrome look like?

A

Diffuse macular erythematous rash w/ peeling skin

40
Q

Does the rash or fever come first in Toxic Shock Syndrome?

A

Fever comes first, then rash.

41
Q

What can you NOT use to diagnose Toxic Shock Syndrome?

A

Blood cultures will be negative b/c infection is due to toxin NOT systemic infection.

42
Q

Treatment for Toxic Shock Syndrome?

A

Antibiotics, rapid rehydration

43
Q

What is another term for Rubeola?

A

Measles

44
Q

What is the prodrome for Rubeola?

A

3 Cs! & high fever, malaise, yellow exudate on throat

45
Q

What are the 3 Cs?

A

Cough, Coryza (runny eyes), Conjunctivitis

46
Q

What other skin finding is characteristic of Rubeola?

A

Koplik spots

47
Q

What are Koplic spots?

A

Little white spots around the 2nd molar

48
Q

What type of rash is characteristic of Rubeola?

A

Brick red, irregular, maculopapular rash; rash is uniformly erythematous in some areas

49
Q

Spread of rash?

A

Begins on face and proceeds down and out

50
Q

What organism causes measles?

A

Paramyxovirus

51
Q

Treatment for Rubeola?

A

Isolation, treat fever

52
Q

In Rubeloa, does the rash appear before or after fever?

A

After fever

53
Q

Varicella Zoster causes?

A

Chicken pox and shingles

54
Q

Characteristic rash of Varicella Zoster?

A

Dew drops on rose petals

55
Q

Rash progression of Varicella Zoster?

A

blisters –> crusting

56
Q

Dx of Varicella Zoster

A

Multinucleated giant cells on Tzank Smear

57
Q

In Varicella Zoster, does rash or fever come first?

A

Fever comes first or they present at same time.

58
Q

What are the two types of Typhus?

A

Endemic and Epidemic

59
Q

Endemic Typhus is caused by (organism) / transmitted by?

A

Rickettsia typhi / fleas on rats

60
Q

Epidemic Typhus is caused by (organism) / transmitted by?

A

Rickettsia prowazekii / Lice

61
Q

What living conditions would Typhus arise from?

A

Crowded, unsanitary, think famine/war

62
Q

Which type of Typhus (endemic or epidemic) is more severe?

A

Epidemic is more severe

63
Q

Type of rash characteristic of Typhus?

A

Maculopapular

64
Q

Prodrome associated with Typhus?

A

Abrupt onset of fever, HA, cough, arthralgia, chills, severe HA

65
Q

Typhus rash tends to spare:

A

face, palms, soles

66
Q

Does the rash or fever come first with Typhus?

A

Fever comes first.

67
Q

Scarlet Fever is a complication of?

A

Group A Streptococcus

68
Q

What time of year is Scarlet Fever most common?

A

Winter/early spring

69
Q

Does rash present after or before fever in Scarlet Fever?

A

Rash presents after 1-2 days of illness

70
Q

Prodrome of Scarlet Fever?

A

Exudative sore throat, HA, fever, abd pain

71
Q

Describe the rash in Scarlet Fever

A

Rash is rough like fine-grade sand paper; erythema blanches w/pressure; may itch, no pain; petechiae might be present; can resemble sun burn

72
Q

What does Scarlet Fever spare?

A

palms and soles

73
Q

2 other symptoms associated with Scarlet Fever (related to skin)

A

Paleness around mouth, strawberry tongue

74
Q

Treatment for Scarlet Fever?

A

Penicillin VK

75
Q

Rash starts before fever in which disease(s)?

A

Lyme Disease

76
Q

Rash starts after fever in which diseases?

A

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (2-6 days), Roseola (after fever breaks), Toxic Shock, Rubeola, Rubella, Typhus, Scarlet Fever

Infectious Disease (14 decks)

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