Antibiotics

Question 1

Abx Class that is Extremely Ototoxic & Nephrotoxic:

Answer 1

Aminoglycosides

Question 2

Name 3 Aminoglycosides:

Answer 2

Streptomycin, neomycin gentamycin

Question 3

When are Aminoglycosides most likely to be Ototoxic? / Nephrotoxic?

Answer 3

Prolonged high peaks / prolonged high troughs

Question 4

Aminoglycoside MOA / Abx classes they are synergistic with / Spectrum

Answer 4

Protein synthesis inhibitor / Cell wall synthesis inhibitors like beta lactams / Gram -

Question 5

Use Aminoglycosides to treat which infectious diseases?

Answer 5

Tularemia & Plague

Question 6

Spectrum of Pen VK

Answer 6

Narrow! Gram + ONLY… use for strep throat & scarlet fever

Question 7

Spectrum of Amoxicillin

Answer 7

More extended than PCN; includes some gram -… can be used for Strep pneumo

Question 8

Use Pen G for:

Answer 8

Syphilis

Question 9

You step on a nail while wearing sneakers. What organism are you exposed to / what extended PCN treats it?

Answer 9

Pseudomonas / Piperacillin

Question 10

What is the drug of choice for MSSA?

Answer 10

Naficillin (a type of penicillin)

Question 11

Describe what each generation of Cephalosporin covers:

Answer 11

1st gen (Cephalexin, Cephazolin) treat ONLY gram +, 2nd gen (Cefoxitin, Cefuroxine, Cefaclor) treat some gram +, some gram -, 3rd gen (Ceftriaxone, Cefixime) treat Gram - well, Gram + poorly, 4th gen (Cefepime) treats both Gram + and - well; IV only, used for serious infections

Question 12

2 IDs that Ceftriaxone treats well:

Answer 12

Gonorrhea, Klebsiella pneumonia

Question 13

MOA for monobactams (aztreonam) / spectrum

Answer 13

Cell wall synthesis inhibitors / Gram -

Question 14

Carbapenems (imipenen) MOA / Spectrum

Answer 14

Cell wall synthesis inhibitors / Broad

Question 15

Vancomycin MOA / adverse rx / name 2 conditions it is used to treat

Answer 15

Cell wall synthesis inhib / Red Man Syndrome / MRSA & bacterial endocarditis

Question 16

Tetracyclines (tetra, doxy) MOA / can cause this in kids / Use doxy to treat??

Answer 16

Protein synthesis inhib / yellow teeth in kids / Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, Lyme Disease, Typhus, Granuloma Inguinale, Lymphogranuloma Venereum, Brucellosis, Cholera, can use for mycoplasma pneumonia

Question 17

Fluoroquinolones MOA

Answer 17

Inhibit DNA synthesis

Question 18

Cipro - spectrum / give prophylactically for what traveling condition / what it can cause

Answer 18

Broad / Traveler’s Diarrhea / C. Diff

Question 19

You can use Cipro for:

Answer 19

Anthrax, UTI/pyelo, Shigella

Question 20

Name 3 Macrolides:

Answer 20

Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, Erythromycin

Question 21

Macrolides are great for:

Answer 21

Respiratory infections

Question 22

Some specific IDs azithromycin is used for:

Answer 22

Legionella, Mycoplasmal pneumonia, chlamydia, prophylactically for M.A.C

Question 23

Some specific IDs erythromycin is used for:

Answer 23

Pertussis, diptheria

Question 24

Anti-anaerobe Abx?

Answer 24

Clindamycin, Metronidazole, Chloramphenicol

Question 25

Metronidazole is good for treating:

Answer 25

Giradiasis, C. Diff

Question 26

Useful drug for treating parasites?

Answer 26

Albendazole

Question 27

Treatment for Malaria?

Answer 27

Chloroquine / Quinine