Antibiotics Flashcards
Abx Class that is Extremely Ototoxic & Nephrotoxic:
Aminoglycosides
Name 3 Aminoglycosides:
Streptomycin, neomycin gentamycin
When are Aminoglycosides most likely to be Ototoxic? / Nephrotoxic?
Prolonged high peaks / prolonged high troughs
Aminoglycoside MOA / Abx classes they are synergistic with / Spectrum
Protein synthesis inhibitor / Cell wall synthesis inhibitors like beta lactams / Gram -
Use Aminoglycosides to treat which infectious diseases?
Tularemia & Plague
Spectrum of Pen VK
Narrow! Gram + ONLY… use for strep throat & scarlet fever
Spectrum of Amoxicillin
More extended than PCN; includes some gram -… can be used for Strep pneumo
Use Pen G for:
Syphilis
You step on a nail while wearing sneakers. What organism are you exposed to / what extended PCN treats it?
Pseudomonas / Piperacillin
What is the drug of choice for MSSA?
Naficillin (a type of penicillin)
Describe what each generation of Cephalosporin covers:
1st gen (Cephalexin, Cephazolin) treat ONLY gram +, 2nd gen (Cefoxitin, Cefuroxine, Cefaclor) treat some gram +, some gram -, 3rd gen (Ceftriaxone, Cefixime) treat Gram - well, Gram + poorly, 4th gen (Cefepime) treats both Gram + and - well; IV only, used for serious infections
2 IDs that Ceftriaxone treats well:
Gonorrhea, Klebsiella pneumonia
MOA for monobactams (aztreonam) / spectrum
Cell wall synthesis inhibitors / Gram -
Carbapenems (imipenen) MOA / Spectrum
Cell wall synthesis inhibitors / Broad
Vancomycin MOA / adverse rx / name 2 conditions it is used to treat
Cell wall synthesis inhib / Red Man Syndrome / MRSA & bacterial endocarditis
Tetracyclines (tetra, doxy) MOA / can cause this in kids / Use doxy to treat??
Protein synthesis inhib / yellow teeth in kids / Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, Lyme Disease, Typhus, Granuloma Inguinale, Lymphogranuloma Venereum, Brucellosis, Cholera, can use for mycoplasma pneumonia
Fluoroquinolones MOA
Inhibit DNA synthesis
Cipro - spectrum / give prophylactically for what traveling condition / what it can cause
Broad / Traveler’s Diarrhea / C. Diff
You can use Cipro for:
Anthrax, UTI/pyelo, Shigella
Name 3 Macrolides:
Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, Erythromycin
Macrolides are great for:
Respiratory infections
Some specific IDs azithromycin is used for:
Legionella, Mycoplasmal pneumonia, chlamydia, prophylactically for M.A.C
Some specific IDs erythromycin is used for:
Pertussis, diptheria
Anti-anaerobe Abx?
Clindamycin, Metronidazole, Chloramphenicol
Metronidazole is good for treating:
Giradiasis, C. Diff
Useful drug for treating parasites?
Albendazole
Treatment for Malaria?
Chloroquine / Quinine
