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Health Assessment > GI Assessment > Flashcards

GI Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

Expected findings for lips (3)

A

Lips are deeper and pinker than facial skin, moist, and have no cracks or lesions

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2
Q

3 expected findings for teeth

A

Teeth are smooth and white. No diseased, absent, loose, or abnormally positioned teeth. Note dentures if any

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3
Q

Expected findings for gums

A

Pink or coral with a dotted surface, no redness or inflammation, no cuts or lesions

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4
Q

When inspected mouth, don’t forget to note

A

Tongue piercings

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5
Q

Pallor comes with ___ and ___

A

Shock and anemia

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6
Q

Cyanosis occurs with ___ and ___

A

Hypoxemia and chilling

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7
Q

Cherry red lips occur with ____

A

Carbon monoxide poisoning

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8
Q

Lesions could be a sign of ___

A

Herpes simplex

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9
Q

Discolored teeth appear brown with excessive ___

A

Fluoride use

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10
Q

Discolored teeth appear yellow with excessive

A

Tobacco use

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11
Q

If gums bleed with slight pressure, patient may have ____

A

Gingivitis

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12
Q

Dark lines in gums indicate what?

A

Bismuth poisoning

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13
Q

Tonsil size number chart

A

0 is absent
1+ is normal
2+ is halfway between tonsillar pillars and uvula
3+ tonsils are touching the uvula
4+ tonsils are touching each other

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14
Q

Uvula must hang ___

A

Midline

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15
Q

2 expected findings of tonsils

A

Pink like everything else; surface may have indentations or small crypts

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16
Q

White membrane covering the tonsils indicates ___, ___, and ___

A

Mono, leukemia, and diphtheria

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17
Q

Red tonsils with no hyper trophy indicate ___

A

Viral pharyngitis

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18
Q

___ shows red and enlarged tonsils

A

Strep

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19
Q

Tonsils are bright red and swollen with what?

A

Acute infections

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20
Q

Expected abdomen contour?

A

Flat or rounded

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21
Q

Unexpected abdomen contour?

A

Protuberant or scaphoid

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22
Q

Protuberant abdomen indicates what?

A

Abdominal distensión

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23
Q

Bulging or masses come with ___ or ___

A

Hernias or enlarged liver

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24
Q

Silvery white, linear, jagged marks about 1-6 cm long

A

Striae, a common pigment change

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25
Q

Spider angiomas occur with ____

A

Portal hypertension

26
Q

Striae look purple or blue with ___

A

Cushing syndrome

27
Q

When measuring abdominal girth, use a tape measure on the ____ section of the patient’s abdomen

A

Largest

28
Q

Measuring abdominal girth is performed on patients with ___

A

Ascites

29
Q

A patient with hypertension, cirrhosis, ascites, or vena caval obstruction may have ___, ___ ___ in their abdomen skin assessment

A

Prominent, dilated veins

30
Q

Steps to abdominal assessment

A

Inspection, auscultation, percussion, then palpation

31
Q

What order of abdominal quadrants do we assess?

A

RLQ > RUQ > LUQ > LLQ

32
Q

3 types of bowel sounds

A

Normoactive, hypoactive, And hyperactive

33
Q

Normoactive is what and how often does it happen?

A

High pitched, gurgling sounds with light crackles
Expected is 5-30 sounds per minute

34
Q

You must hear a bowel sound every ___ to ___ seconds

A

2-12

35
Q

Unexpected bowel sounds

A

Hyperactive and hypoactive

36
Q

Hypoactive is when you have ?

A

Less than 5 gurgles per minute (hypO = lOw)

37
Q

Hyperactive is when you have?

A

More than 30 sounds per minute

38
Q

Hyperactive sounds are ___, ___, ___, and signal ___

A

Loud, high pitched, rushing, and signal increased motility

39
Q

Hypoactive or absent sounds follow ___ or with ___

A

Abdominal surgery or with inflammation of the peritoneum

40
Q

Less than 5 noises per minute mean patient could have ___

A

Constipation

41
Q

A type of hyperactive bowel sound; “stomach growling”

A

Borborygmus

42
Q

Use ___ of stethoscope to auscultate vascular sounds in the abdomen

A

Bell

43
Q

When auscultating for vascular sounds, check over ___, ___, ___, and ___

A

Aorta, renal arteries, iliac, and femoral arteries

44
Q

Expected findings for vascular sounds?

A

There should be NO vascular sounds or bruits

45
Q

Systolic bruits occur with ___, ___, or ___

A

Stenosis, partial occlusion, or aneurysm of an artery

46
Q

What sound do you hear over hollow organs such as intestines and stomach?

A

Tympany

47
Q

What sound do you hear over solid organs (liver) or masses?

A

Dullness

48
Q

A full bladder, adipose tissue, fluid, or a mass creates a ___ sound when percussing

A

Dull

49
Q

Percuss the kidney at the ___ rib

A

12th

50
Q

When percussing costovertebral angle tenderness, person should feel the thud but no pain. Sharp pain occurs with ___

A

Inflammation of the kidney

51
Q

Light palpation is how deep?

A

0.5 - 1 inches

52
Q

When palpating, what are the expected findings of the abdomen?

A

Abdomen should be soft and nontender, with possible voluntary guarding

53
Q

Light palpation tells us about the persons ___, ___, ___, and if there are any ___

A

Skin surface, tenderness, overall musculature, masses

54
Q

Deep palpation is how deep?

A

2.5 - 3 inches

55
Q

Leaving baby bottle in crib causes what

A

Tooth decay

56
Q

Protuberant abdomen while laying or standing up is seen in children of which ages?

A

4 - 7

57
Q

Children do more belly breathing until about age ___

A

7

58
Q

True or false: older adults have a decreased saliva production causing a dry mouth

A

True

59
Q

Name two things a decrease in GI motility causes

A

Constipation and increased gas

60
Q

A condition in which the blood doesn’t have enough healthy red blood cells

A

Anemia

61
Q

An abnormally low concentration of oxygen in the blood

A

Hypoxemia

62
Q

Excess abdominal fluid is also known as ___

A

Ascites

Health Assessment (15 decks)

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