Assessment Techniques Flashcards
Round, begins in center in spreads to periphery
Name 2 examples
Annular or circular
Ringworm or deer tick (Lyme disease)
Lesions that run together.
Name 1 example
Confluent
Hives
Distinct individual lesions that remain separate
2 examples
Discrete
Skin tag, acne
Clusters of lesions
Example?
Grouped
Contact dermatitis
Twisted, coiled spiral, or snake lake. Creeps from one body part to another
Gyrate, serpiginous
Ring around an eye, looks like a target
Example?
Target
Erythema multiforme
A line, strip, or scratch
Linear
Linear arrangement along a unilateral nerve route.
Example?
Zosteriform
Herpes zoster or blister
Solely a color change, flat and circumscribed
4 examples
Macule
Freckles, hypopigmentation, measles, scarlet fever
Something you can feel, elevated and solid, sometimes have crust or scales
2 examples
Papule
Mole or wart
A macule (color change) larger than 1cm
3 examples
Patch
Vitiligo, au lait spot, Mongolian spot
Forms a surface elevation wider than 1 cm. Plateau like, disc shaped, flat topped
Example?
Plaque
Psoriasis
A cavity raised and filled with clear fluid
3 examples
Vesicle
Blister, herpes simplex, chickenpox
Larger than 1 cm in diameter, thin and easily ruptured
2 examples
Bullae
Burn or friction blister
An encapsulated fluid filled cavity in the dermis, tensely elevating the skin. Usually filled with liquid or semisolid material
Cyst
Turbid (cloudy) fluid in a cavity, elevated. A type of infection
2 examples
Pustule
Acne or ant bite
A type of vascular lesion where there are breaks in the blood vessel and the blood flows into the tissues
2 examples
Purpuric lesions
Petechiae or ecchymosis
Very small hemorrhages, round, dark red or purple in color. Appear in clusters and look like a rash
Petechiae
A discoloration in the skin resulting from bleeding underneath the skin. Caused by ___
Ecchymosis.
Injury
The diaphragm on a stethoscope is used for ____-pitched sounds like ___, ___, and ___ ___ sounds
High
Breath, bowel, normal heart
The bell on a stethoscope is used for ___-pitched sounds and any extra heart sounds like ___
Low
Murmurs
The tubing on a stethoscope should be ___ - ___ inches long
14-18
When using the diaphragm on a stethoscope, you should press ___
Firmly
When using the bell on a stethoscope you should press ___
Lightly
Short sharp strokes to assess underlying structures
Percussion
Air-filled organs have ___, ___, and ___ sounds
Resonant, hyperresonant, and tympanic
Sounds clear and hollow, over normal lung tissue
Resonant sounds
Musical or drum like, over your stomach or intestines
Tympanic sounds
A muffled, short thud
A relatively dense organ like ___ or ___
Dull sounds
Liver or spleen
A dead stop of sound, absolute dullness. When no air is present.
Over ___, ___, or ___
Flat sounds
Thigh muscles, tumors, or bones
Performed first, requires good lighting, adequate exposure of body part
Inspection
Five types of palpation
Temperature, fine tactile discrimination, light palpation, deep palpation, and bimanual palpation
Light palpation goes __ cm into the skin, but deep palpation can go __-__ cm into the skin
1
5-8
