GI and Diets Flashcards
DAT
Diet as tolerated
Clear liquid diet
food that is liquid at room temp
Use
Full liquid diet =medical liquid
Semi liquid at room temp
Yes: cream, butter, ice cream, yogurt, cooked refined cereal
NO EGG,CEReAL, BREAD,CHEESE, MEAT
No fiber so watch: constipation
Hyperosmolar products?
Over 300
Draw water in and cause diarrhea
Prune jc!!!grape, ensure, ice cream= high examples
Soft diet
Low in fiber and residue (poop)
Provides all kcals
Avoid this diet if chewing problems
NO: f/v skins, cruciferous veg,
Purée Diet = mechanically altered soft diet
Minimal chewing
Baby food version of soft diet
NO: fried, nuts, seeds, dried fruits
All kcals
Regular= House diet
No problems with pt
All kcals
“Special” vegetarian, GF. Etc
Oral Prep Problem signs
Drool, no lip control, pocket foods
Can’t push the Bolus to back of mouth
Oral phase problem signs
Pocket, delay swallowing, food stuck in throat
Swallowing reflex past hard palate isn’t working
Pharyngeal phase problem signs
Choking, gurgle voice, aspirate, delay swallow, coughing
Epiglottis might not drop, vocal cords don’t close
2 types of aspiration
Audible- hear gurgle, cough, choke, rasp and know
Silent- don’t know, pneumonia occurs
Esophageal phase problem signs
Food stuck in throat, reflux (lying)
Esophagus ms do not move food down esophagus
Need puréed foods, solids cause issues
MBS and FEES
Modified Barium Swallow
Fiber optic Endoscopic eval of swallow
CHI
CVA
Closed Head Injury
Cerebrovascular Accident
Achalasia
Mucositis
Lower esophagus ms do not relax/move food
Swelling of GI Tract lining (common c CA and radiation)
3 Dx used for dysphagia pts
Swallowing difficulty
Biting/chewing difficulty
Self-feeding difficulty
NDD Liquid Consistencies
Thin- highest functioning
Nectar-like: drip off spoon
Honey-like: flows in ribbon off spoon
Spoon-thick: soft mass on spoon
NDD-1
Dysphagia Puréed
Pudding/thick consistency
NO: jello, yogurt w/ fruit, PB, eggs, reg cottage cheese
Want food to form a Bolus!
Dysphagia Mixed
NDD2-A
NDD-1+ 1 mech alt food
Add scrambled eggs, plain yogurt, cr of wheat, oj
NDD-2
Mechanically altered
Moist and soft foods (ground, diced, cooked, soaked, canned)
NO: bread, dry cake or rice, corn, peas, Chz cubes
Mechanical Soft diet
NDD-2c
NDD-2 (mech alt foods) plus bread, cake, rice
NDD-3
Advanced
Regular except NO: hard, sticky, crunchy (veg, corn skins, nuts, seeds)
YES: lettuce w/ dressing, moist meat, bread, cake
Order of NDD diets (worst to best)
Dysphagia purée Dysphagia Mixed Mechanically altered Dysphagia Soft Dysphagia Advanced
On NDD diet:
Solid= applesauce texture, form Bolus, cold or warm, uniform
Diet flow postgastrectomy
NPO 8 HR b4 surgery No food after surgery until bowel sounds 1 oz warm water often Liquid Purée Soft textured Solids
