GI and Diets

Question 1

DAT

Answer 1

Diet as tolerated

Question 2

Clear liquid diet

Answer 2

food that is liquid at room temp

Use

Question 3

Full liquid diet =medical liquid

Answer 3

Semi liquid at room temp
Yes: cream, butter, ice cream, yogurt, cooked refined cereal
NO EGG,CEReAL, BREAD,CHEESE, MEAT
No fiber so watch: constipation

Question 4

Hyperosmolar products?

Answer 4

Over 300
Draw water in and cause diarrhea
Prune jc!!!grape, ensure, ice cream= high examples

Question 5

Soft diet

Answer 5

Low in fiber and residue (poop)
Provides all kcals
Avoid this diet if chewing problems
NO: f/v skins, cruciferous veg,

Question 6

Purée Diet = mechanically altered soft diet

Answer 6

Minimal chewing
Baby food version of soft diet
NO: fried, nuts, seeds, dried fruits
All kcals

Question 7

Regular= House diet

Answer 7

No problems with pt
All kcals
“Special” vegetarian, GF. Etc

Question 8

Oral Prep Problem signs

Answer 8

Drool, no lip control, pocket foods

Can’t push the Bolus to back of mouth

Question 9

Oral phase problem signs

Answer 9

Pocket, delay swallowing, food stuck in throat

Swallowing reflex past hard palate isn’t working

Question 10

Pharyngeal phase problem signs

Answer 10

Choking, gurgle voice, aspirate, delay swallow, coughing

Epiglottis might not drop, vocal cords don’t close

Question 11

2 types of aspiration

Answer 11

Audible- hear gurgle, cough, choke, rasp and know

Silent- don’t know, pneumonia occurs

Question 12

Esophageal phase problem signs

Answer 12

Food stuck in throat, reflux (lying)
Esophagus ms do not move food down esophagus
Need puréed foods, solids cause issues

Question 13

MBS and FEES

Answer 13

Modified Barium Swallow

Fiber optic Endoscopic eval of swallow

Question 14

CHI

CVA

Answer 14

Closed Head Injury

Cerebrovascular Accident

Question 15

Achalasia

Mucositis

Answer 15

Lower esophagus ms do not relax/move food

Swelling of GI Tract lining (common c CA and radiation)

Question 16

3 Dx used for dysphagia pts

Answer 16

Swallowing difficulty
Biting/chewing difficulty
Self-feeding difficulty

Question 17

NDD Liquid Consistencies

Answer 17

Thin- highest functioning
Nectar-like: drip off spoon
Honey-like: flows in ribbon off spoon
Spoon-thick: soft mass on spoon

Question 18

NDD-1

Answer 18

Dysphagia Puréed
Pudding/thick consistency
NO: jello, yogurt w/ fruit, PB, eggs, reg cottage cheese
Want food to form a Bolus!

Question 19

Dysphagia Mixed

Answer 19

NDD2-A
NDD-1+ 1 mech alt food
Add scrambled eggs, plain yogurt, cr of wheat, oj

Question 20

NDD-2

Answer 20

Mechanically altered
Moist and soft foods (ground, diced, cooked, soaked, canned)
NO: bread, dry cake or rice, corn, peas, Chz cubes

Question 21

Mechanical Soft diet

Answer 21

NDD-2c

NDD-2 (mech alt foods) plus bread, cake, rice

Question 22

NDD-3

Answer 22

Advanced
Regular except NO: hard, sticky, crunchy (veg, corn skins, nuts, seeds)
YES: lettuce w/ dressing, moist meat, bread, cake

Question 23

Order of NDD diets (worst to best)

Answer 23

Dysphagia purée
Dysphagia Mixed 
Mechanically altered 
Dysphagia Soft 
Dysphagia Advanced

Question 24

On NDD diet:

Answer 24

Solid= applesauce texture, form Bolus, cold or warm, uniform

Question 25

Diet flow postgastrectomy

Answer 25

NPO 8 HR b4 surgery 
No food after surgery until bowel sounds
1 oz warm water often 
Liquid 
Purée
Soft textured
Solids