GI

Question 1

What is the major ingredient in antacids?

What can this main ingredient cause?

Answer 1

Calcium Carbonate

Constipation + Renal Calculi

Question 2

When administering antacids, it is important to consider what the dosing schedule should be.

What should the dosing schedule be?

Answer 2

2 hours after other meds, or 1 hour prior

Question 3

What is the name for the type of laxative that accelerates defecation, rather than a regular laxative, which ease defecation, usually by softening feces?

Answer 3

Cathartic

Question 4

When administering stool softeners, it is important to assess for electrolyte imbalances.

Which specific electrolyte are we most concerned with, and what are the S/S that occur when this electrolyte is imbalanced?

Answer 4

Hypokalemia

numbness & tingling

Question 5

What is the name of the opioid that is a man-made narcotic that is similar to Demerol, that also contains atropine (Lomotil)?

Answer 5

Demerol

Question 6

When educating patient’s about taking Bismuth Subsalicylate (Pepto Bismol - bismuth salt), what normal finding is it important to inform patient’s about so they are not alarmed when they see this?

Answer 6

Dark stools

Question 7

If a patient has a severe Crohn’s exacerbation, the patient may initially be placed on TPN. If they are on TPN, what condition is it essential that you test for?

Answer 7

Monitor for hyperglycemia D/T the high sugar content

Question 8

SLUDGE is a mnemonic for the pathological effects indicative of massive discharge of the parasympathetic nervous system.

What does SLUDGE stand for?

Answer 8

Salivation: stimulation of the salivary glands

Lacrimation: stimulation of the lacrimal glands (tearing)

Urination: relaxation of the internal sphincter muscle of urethra, and contraction of the detrusor muscles

Diaphoresis: stimulation of the sweat glands

Gastrointestinal upset: Smooth muscle tone changes causing gastrointestinal problems, including diarrhea

Emesis: Vomiting