GI Flashcards
what are the symptoms of biliary colic?
colicky abdo pain, worse after eating (particularly fatty meals)
what is the management of biliary colic?
a laparoscopic cholecystectomy
what are the symptoms of acute cholecystitis?
RUQ pain
fever
murphys sign positive (pain on inspiration with pressure on the costal margin)
?mildly deranged LFTs
how is acute cholecystitis treated?
USS and cholecystectomy within 48hrs of presentation
what are the symptoms of cholangitis?
patient severely unwell and septic
jaundice
RUQ pain
how is cholangitis treated?
fluid resuscitation and broad spec IV abx
what are the symptoms of primary biliary cholangitis?
usually seen in middle aged females
thought to be autoimmune
sjogrens association
jaundice
pruritic
what antibodies are present in PBC?
anti mitochondrial antibodies
how is PBC treated?
USS required for diagnosis
ursodeoxycholic acid
cholesystamine for itch
what is primary sclerosing cholangitis?
biliary disease of unknown cause characterised by inflammation
associated with UC
what are the symptoms of PSC?
jaundice
pruritic
increased bilirubin and ALP levels
RUQ pain
what is the management of PSC?
ECRP/MCRP
what does PSC increase the risk of?
colorectal cancer and cholangiocarcinoma
what is used first line in ascites?
aldosterone antagonists- spironolactone
what is the definition of Barrett’s oesophagus?
Replacement of stratified squamous epithelium -> columnar epithelium [metaplastic change]
