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Question 1

List the theories of diseases

Answer 1

1Theological Theories(annoyance of god’s cause diseases) 2) Miasmatic theory(By Hippocrates that disease emanate from change in environment)

3) Pore theory( Pores exist in different number sizes, any deviation leads to a disease.
4) Theory of body Fluids(excess or deficiency of body fluids lead to disease.
5) Davian Theory; Davian was first to observe and reproduce disease using microbes.
6) Koch theory or postulates.

Question 2

According to Koch’s postulates before an organism can be accepted as a cause of disease it must…….

Answer 2

a) be found in all cases of a disease distributed according to the lesssions produced.
b) The organism should be isolated in Vitro in pure culture.
C) The pure culture should reproduce a disease when introduced into a suitable experimental animal.
d) It should in turn be re-isolated into a pure form

Question 3

What is
1)spontaneous generation?

2)Biogenesis?

Answer 3

The hypothesis that living organisms arise from non-living matter is called spontaneous generation. “ “A vital force form life”
2) The hypothesis that living organisms arise from preexisting life is called biogenesis.

Question 4

List some scientists that gave contributions to the theory of Spontaneous Generations

Answer 4

Van Helmonth- rats came from filthy environment, and maggots from decay meat and bacteria derived from decay broth.
Louis Joblot-
John Needham- observed microganusm putrefying meat & intprtd it as spontaneous generation.
Spallanzani-
Ivanoski
Edward Jenner- Father of vaccine. Demonstrated protective effect of vaccination with non virulent cow pox against small pox infection
Louis Pasteur- If you grow a bacterium in an unusual host that bacteria loss ability to produce disease but still has the ability to stimulate antibody production by a process called Attenuation.- reducing virulence of an arganism.
Ellie Metchnikoff- Phagocytosis of microbes by Waterflea