Get Through Mock 6 Flashcards
Bladder inflammatory pseudotumour
Solitary exphytic or polypoid mass from the bladder.
Central high T2, peripherally low T2, peripheral enhance,ent
Lung appearances during gestation
They become T2 brighter and more echogenic
SLE associations
Associated with antiphospholipid syndrome and epilepsy
Fractures associated with NOF/FCD
More common with NOF and tend to heal spontaneously
TB meningitis
Abnormal meningeal enhancement, usually basal cisterns, similar to other forms of meningitis.
Communicating hydrocephalus is a common complication
Indications for CT Head within 1 hour (kids)
Suspicion of NAI,
Post traumatic seizure without epilepsy,
GCS <14 or <15 if under 1yo,
GCS under 15 after 2hr,
Suspected open or depressed skull fracture or tense fontanelle
Suspected basal skull fracture
Neurological deficit
Indications for CT C-spine in paeds head injury
GCS <13 on assessment,
Pt intubated,
Focal peripheral neurology,
Limb parasthesia,
Definitive Dx needed urgently pre-op,
Pt having CT head for multiregion trauma or head injury,
Strong suspicion despite normal XR,
XR difficult or shows significant abnormality.
Subacute Sclerosing Pan Encephalitis
Occurs years after measles.
Starts with mental and behavioural abnormalities, myoclonia, tremor, seizures.
Multifocal white matter and basal ganglia intensities on T2
Choledochal cyst
Responsible for 90% of cystic biliary disease.
Dilatation of the CBD only with no calculus
Common causes of enlarged optic canal (>6.5mm)
Optic nerve glioma,
Optic nerve sheath meningioma,
Mets,
Neurofibromatosis with or without neurofibroma or glioma
Meconium aspiration
Commonest cause of respiratory distress in full-term or post-mature.
Bilateral patchy opacities, hyperinflation, pneumothorax & pneumomediastinum, small pleural effusions
Hook of hamate fractures
Medial palmar wrist pain, associated with club or bat sports.
XR aren’t very sensitive, CT is indicated or MRI if neurological damage (can damage guyon’s canal)
Duplex collecting systems
Upper pole obstructs and gets ureteroceles and calyceal dilatation.
Lower pole inserts more horizontally and gets reflux.
Foramen ovale contents
Motor portion of cranial nerve V supplying muscles of mastication (V3)
Benign mesothelioma
aka solitary fibrous tumour of the pleura.
T1 hypointense, T2 hyperintense, contrast enhancement avid
Schatzker classification
Type 1: Lateral plateau, split only
Type 2: Lateral plateau, split and depressed
Type 3: Lateral plateau, depressed only
Type 4: Split and/or depressed medial plateau
Type 5: Both medial and lateral with metaphysis still in continuity with diaphysis
Type 6: Both lateral and medial and transverse subcondyle with separation of metaphysis from diaphysis
Agger nasi cell
Located lateral nasal wall, at the leading edge of middle turbinate.
Most anterior ethmoid air cell.
Below frontal sinus and anterior to middle turbinate.
Constrictive pericarditis
Septum curves to the LEFT
Histiocytic response post THR
Usually occurs 1-5 years post op.
Smooth endosteal scalloping on XR.
Increased risk of fracture.
Odontogenic keratocyst
Associated with Gorlin Goltz syndrome.
Most common in body or ramus of mandible.
Can expand cortical bone and erode the cortex.
Often multiloculated.
Physiologic periosteal reaction
Usually benign, symmetric, involving long bones (femur, tibia, humerus).
Usually first few months of life.
Adamantinoma (tibia)
Well circumscribed, slightly expansile, narrow zone of transition.
Often multilocular, with sclerosis and lysis in soap bubble pattern.
Orientated longitudinally along the axis of the anterior tibia.
Yersinia GI infection
Commonest cause of non-stenotic ulcers in small bowel.
Most common to affect TI.
Diarrhoea, terminal ileitis, pseudoappendicitis and mesenteric lymphadenitis.
Can be complicated by abscess formation
Fibroid passage
Increased risk with submucosal fibroids which abut the endometrial cavity.
Pain, infection recurrent bleeding.
Can also cause cervical obstruction and pyometra.
