Get Through Mock 4 Flashcards
Causes of hypovascular mets to liver
Colon (commonest),
Lung, Breast, Gastric
Causes of hypervascular mets to liver
Neuroendocrine (inc carcinoid and islet cell)
RCC
Breast
Melanoma
Thyroid
Cryptorchidism increases risk of …
Germ cell testicular tumours
(Including Seminoma, Yolk sac, Embryonal, Chorio)
NOT Sertoli or Leydig
Common sites of OCD
Lateral aspect of medial femoral condyle (commonest)
Talar dome (posteromedial)
Anterolareral capitellum
Tibial plafond
CXR appearances of CCAM
Day 1: Dense lungs with increased volume on affected side
Day 2: Resorption of fluid from affected lung, replaced with air
HCC imaging
US: Hypoechoic
Commonly diagnosed on imaging alone without histology, unlike most other cancers
Commonest benign primary liver tumour paeds
Haemangioendothelioma
However, malignant tumours are more common than benign in the liver of children
Epitheloid haemangioendothelioma
Low grade, rare primary malignancy of the hepatic vasculature
Alternating high and low signal on T2 and T1 with prominent rim enhancement.
Usually seen in non cirrhotic liver
Pie-in-the-sky bladder
Due to pelvic trauma.
High position of the opacified bladder in the pelvis implies large pelvic haematoma
Early complications post BMT
Interstitial pneumonitis (infective and non-infective),
Infection,
Oedema,
Haemorrhage,
Thromboembolism,
Calcification
Late complications post BMT
Chronic graft vs host
Infections
Bronchiolitis obliterans
Fibrosis
Lymphoid interstital pneumonitis
Blunt cardiac injury
Concussion (mildest) - no cell damage or elevated enzymes
Contusion - pulmonary oedema and raised enzymes. Increased echogenicity on echo and focal hypokinesia
Cardiac rupture - results in haemopericardium
Fat embolism changes CXR - time
Appear in 1-2 days, clears after 7-10
Sturge Weber MRI
T2 hypointense gyri (calc)
One side of brain smaller than other due to ischaemia.
Angioma (enhancement) of the choroid of the eye (posterior globe) or pia
Port wine stain
Prostate Ca enhancement
Fast enhancement with fast washout.
More aggressive = more enhancement
Complications of mature ovarian teratoma (dermoid)
Rupture,
Torsion,
Malignant degeneration
Acute pagets X ray appearance
Flame shaped lucency or blade of grass (lytic comes before sclerotic)
FNH enhancement
Intense, homogenous arterial enhancement.
Still hyperintense on portal venous phase (i.e. not washout)
Cortical desmoid, next step imaging
X-ray other side, 30% are bilateral
Bronchial atresia CXR
Radiating increased densities from the hilum with ipsilateral hyperlucent lung
ACL tear - contusion pattern
Posterolateral tibial plateau and mid portion of lateral femoral condyle.
Caused by anterior transation of the tibia
MSSA vs MSRA chest appearances
MSSA - more bronchial wall thickening and centrilobular nodules, more Tree-in-bud
MRSA - more pleural effusions
Cryptogenic Organising Pneumonia
Ground glass to consolidation in peripheral or peribronchial, more frequently involving lower lobes.
Leiomyosarcoma
Soft tissue density mass with large area of central necrosis
