Germany- Hitlers consolidation of power

Question 1

When was the Reichstag building set on fire

Answer 1

27th Feb 1933

Question 2

When/what was the Decree for Protection of the People and the State

Answer 2

When- 28th Feb 1933
What- Suspended important civil rights​
Police were given greater powers to arrest and detain people without charge and search private premises​
Government had the power to censor publications (restriction of free speech)

Question 3

What happened to the SA in Feb 1933

Answer 3

became recognised as auxillary police- orders issued forbidding police from interfering with SA

Question 4

When did the Nazis begin taking over state governments

Answer 4

6-7th March 1933

Question 5

When was the Enabling Act passed

Answer 5

24th March 1933

Question 6

What fraction of the Reichstag had to vote in favour of the Enabling Act and why was this

Answer 6

2/3 as it was seen as an amendment to the constitution

Question 7

When was the SPD outlawed and as what

Answer 7

22 June 1933 as ‘hostile to nation and state’

Question 8

When was the ZP voluntarily disbanded

Answer 8

5 July 1933

Question 9

What % of the 12 Nov 1933 elections did the Nazi win

Answer 9

92%

Question 10

When was the Reichsrat abolished

Answer 10

14th February 1934

Question 11

When was the Night of the Long Knives

Answer 11

30th June 1934

Question 12

When/where/how was Ernst Rohm killed

Answer 12

when- 30th June 1934
where- Stadelheim Prison
how- revolver left in room for option of suicide- said ‘If I am to be killed, let Adolf do it himself’- then shot by 2 SS officers at point blank range

Question 13

What led many people into thinking Nazism was a clear and well ordered system of government

Answer 13

Nazi totalitarian claims

Question 14

What law and when outlawed all non-Nazi political parites

Answer 14

14th July 1933- Law against Formation of New Parties

Question 15

Who, along with the army, had to make a new oath of loyalty to Hitler and when

Answer 15

1934- Civil Servants

Question 16

who drew up all government legislation

Answer 16

Hans-Heinrich Lammers

Question 17

When/how many/why was the ‘torchlight procession’

Answer 17

When- 30th Jan 1933
How many- attended by roughly 100k
why- to show Hitler taking over wasn’t like any other- show victory of Nazi movement/ start of their ‘National Revolution’

Question 18

Which two members of Nazis in cabinet were in charge of police

Answer 18

Wilhelm Frick
Herman Goering

Question 19

How did SA membership vary in Jan 1933 to Jan 1934

Answer 19

1933- 500k
1934- 3 million

Question 20

Whose newspapers were banned after criticizing the Nazi regime

Answer 20

SPD/ ZP

Question 21

Who/when were the first prisoners at Dachau

Answer 21

8th March 1933- communists/ socialists

Question 22

By July 1933, how many political prisoners had been arrested/ placed in how many camps

Answer 22

30,000 political prisoners in 70 camps

Question 23

When was Hitler warned in the future the SA could become target for Nazi violence/ terror

Answer 23

July 1933

Question 24

What happened to the SA following the Law Against Formation of New parties

Answer 24

• Hitler made speech on 6 July 1933 declaring end to revolution
• SA feared he was ready to dilute Nazi ideology
• In Feb 1933 SA and Stalhelm merged and became ‘auxiliary police’
• Became less used as no political opponents to threaten/ intimidate
• Rohm called for Second Revolution, aiming for SA to become nucleus of new national militia

Question 25

What did SA units start doing in summer 1934

Answer 25

stopping army convoys/ confiscating weapons and supplies

Question 26

Why did Hitler plan the Night of the Long Knives

Answer 26

Hindenburg nearing death, army wanted elimination of SA and end of talk of ‘second revolution and people’s army’- could gain favour of generals

Question 27

What was the trigger cause of the Night of the Long Knives

Answer 27

Papen made speech on 17th June called for end to terror and for Hitler to clamp down on SA’s calls for second revolution- Goebbels tried to censor it in press but still got out

Question 28

Who supplied weapons/ transport in Night of the Long Knives

Answer 28

Army

Question 29

Who were the main deaths in the Night of the Long Knives

Answer 29

General Schleicher
Gregor Strasser
Ernst Rohm

Question 30

Significance of Night of the Long Knives

Answer 30

• Army endorsed Nazi regime- shown by Bloomberg’s vote of thanks to Hitler on 1st July
• Soldiers agreed to take personal oath of loyalty to Hitler rather than state
• Emergence of SS
• Hitler secured own personal political supremacy and his decisions/ actions accepted
• Clear Nazi regime was personal dictatorship