Genitourinary System

Question 1

What is the function of the genitourinary system?

Answer 1

Responsible for removing toxins, waste, and water from the body as well as maintaining the blood pressure and pH

Question 2

What organs/structures make up the genitourinary system?

Answer 2

Kidney

Ureters

Urinary bladder

Urethra

Question 3

What is the function of the kidneys?

Answer 3

Filter blood to remove waste products

Maintain fluid balance

Produce urine

Question 4

What is the ureter?

Answer 4

Ducts by which urine passes from the kidney to the bladder

Question 5

What is the urinary bladder?

Answer 5

The hollow muscular organ that store urine prior to its being expelled from the body

Question 6

What is the urethra?

Answer 6

The duct through which urine is expelled and, in males, semen flows to exit the body

Question 7

Are female urethras shorter than mens?

Answer 7

Yes

Question 8

What is the functional unit of the kidney? (Function)

Answer 8

Nephron
-blood filtration, reabsorption, maintain homeostasis in the circulatory system

Question 9

What feeds the kidneys blood?

Answer 9

Renal arteries
-carries blood directly from the heart via abdominal aorta

Question 10

What is the glomerulus?

Answer 10

A cluster of porous capillaries through which blood components are filtered into the nephron

Question 11

What structure surrounds the glomerulus?

Answer 11

Bowman’s capsule

Question 12

What is the function of the renal corpuscle?

Answer 12

The blood filtering portion of the nephron comprised of the glomerulus and bowman’s capsule

Question 13

Which arteriole enters the glomerulus?

Answer 13

Afferent arteriole

Question 14

Which arteriole exits the glomerulus?

Answer 14

Efferent arteriole

Question 15

What is the function of the renal tubule?

Answer 15

Part of the nephron where blood components are reabsorbed into the blood stream

Question 16

What is urea?

Answer 16

Metabolic waste product excreted in urine

Question 17

What is the function of the adrenal glands?

Answer 17

Secrete hormones that regulate blood pressure and fluid balance
-response to decrease in blood pressure to retain fluid balance

Question 18

What are the renal hormones that regular blood pressure?

Answer 18

Renin

Angiotensin

ADH (vasopressin)

Aldosterone

Question 19

What triggers the release of renin? (Function)

Answer 19

Trigger:decrease blood pressure

Function: activates angiotensin; increases secretion of ADH and aldosterone

Question 20

What triggers the release of angiotensin (function)?

Answer 20

Trigger: activated by renin

Function: constricts anteriolar blood vessels; increases reabsorption of Na+ and Cl- and water retention in the renal tubules; stimulates ADH secretion

Question 21

What triggers the release of ADH? (Function)

Answer 21

Trigger: decreased blood volume; increased osmolality of blood

Function: prevents fluid loss to maintain blood volume by increasing reabsorption of water from renal tubules and collecting ducts

Question 22

What triggers the release of aldosterone? (Function)

Answer 22

Trigger: decreased blood pressure; increased K+ levels

Function: increases reabsorption of Na+ from the renal tubules, causing more water to be reabsorbed via osmosis