GENITOURINARY DISORDERS AND STRUCTURAL DISORDERS

Question 1

what is enuresis?

Answer 1

uncontrolled and unintentional urination that occurs after bladder control has been achieved such as bedwetting

Question 2

at what age does enuresis occur?

Answer 2

occurs 2 times a week for 3 months at 5 years of age or greater

Question 3

what are parent teaching for a child with eneuresis?

Answer 3

1. encourage fluids during the day but restrict in the evening
2. avoid diapers because the child has to be retrained
3. avoid fruit, caffeinated or carbonated drinks after 4 pm
4. use positive reinforcement and avoid punishing
5. clear path from the bed to the bathroom to assist in getting them to the bathroom
6. avoid holding urine in all day
7. eat high fiber foods to avoid constipation

Question 4

what are complications of enuresis?

Answer 4

low self esteem ,altered body image, social isolation and fear

Question 5

what are clinical manifestations of a UTI in infants?

Answer 5

1. increase in irritabiity
2. screaming with urination
3. poor feeding or failure to gain weight
4. foul smelling urination

Question 6

what are clinical manifestations of UTI in children?

Answer 6

1. abdominal or back pain
2. pain with urination
3. poor appetite
4. vomiting
5. pallor

Question 7

what are nursing interventions that nurse can perform with a patient who has a UTI?

Answer 7

1. encourage frequent voiding and complete emptying of the bladder
2. encourage fluids
3. monitor urine output
4. culture for infection and give antibiotics
5. acetaminophen for pain management

Question 8

what is parent teaching for a UTI?

Answer 8

1. wipe from front to back
2. wear cotton underwear
3. avoid bubble baths
4. those who are sexually active need to void immediately after intercourse

Question 9

what is hypospadias?

Answer 9

urethral opening located just below the glans penis or on the ventral surface of the penile shaft at the bottom of the penis

Question 10

what is the priority intervention for these patients with hypospadia?

Answer 10

surgery will be needed in the first year of life

Question 11

what should be avoided if a patient has hypospadia?

Answer 11

no circumcision because urethral opening is in the wrong surface

Question 12

what does epispadia look like in a male?

Answer 12

1. widened pubic symphysis
2. urethra opened on dorsal or top of the surface of the penis
3. possible extrophy of the bladder where it is outside of the body

Question 13

what does epispadia look like in a female?

Answer 13

1. wide urethra

2. possible extrophy of the bladder

Question 14

what are priority interventions for epispadias?

Answer 14

patient will be treated with surgery in the first year of life so watch for signs of infection