Genetics Bacterial and Phage Genetics 2 Flashcards
Bacterial conjugation is a process by which […] is transferred from one bacterial cell (the donor) to another bacterial cell (the recipient) by way of a hair-like […] shown in the center of the photo.
genetic material; pilus
Exconjugants are identified by their […] on a selective growth medium
growth
[…] is the cessation of conjugation by breaking the conjugation pilus. This process stops mating before the […] can be completely transferred to the recipient cell. Experiments that test for gene transfer at timed intervals […] are used to determine the distances between genes
Interrupted mating; Hfr chromosome; (time-of-entry mapping)
The order of gene transfer and time of first appearance of each in exconjugants are related to the […] from the origin of transfer (oriT)
distance of the gene
An F’ donor bacterium contains a functional but altered […] derived from imperfect excision of the F factor from an Hfr chromosome. The resulting F’ factor contains all its own […] plus a segment of the bacterial chromosome. Donor cells carrying such an F factor are called […].
F factor; DNA; F’ cells.
Exconjugants that contain a complete F’ factor are called […] because they contain two copies of the […] found on the F’ factor.
partial diploids; bacterial chromosome
Transduction is the transfer of genetic material from a donor to a recipient cell by way of a […].
Integration of donor DNA into the recipient cell’s chromosome by homologous recombination forms a […].
bacteriophage; transductant
The lytic cycle is a six-step process: Attachment of the […] to the host cell. Injection of the phage chromosome into the host, followed by […] of the phage chromosome. Replication of phage DNA using […] and other proteins.
phage; circularization; host enzymes
Remaining Steps of the Lytic Cycle: Transcription and translation of phage genes, and subsequent production of heads, sheaths, and tail fibers for assembly of […].Packaging of phage chromosomes into […]. […] of the host cell and release of progeny phage particles.
progeny phage; phage head; Lysis
Some bacteriophages […] have an alternate, temporary life cycle involving integration of the phage chromosome into the bacterial chromosome. This is called the lysogenic cycle; integration is called […]
(temperate phages) ; lysogeny
Steps of the lysogenic cycle: Attachment of the […] to the host cell. Injection of the phage DNA into the host, followed by […]. circularization
phage particle; phage-chromosome
Integration of the phage chromosome into the host chromosome at a specific […] found in both chromosomes. Excision of the prophage in response to an environmental signal, through a reversal of the […]. Resumption of the lytic cycle, beginning with phage-chromosome […].
DNA sequence; site-specific integration; replication
Generalized transducing phages package a random piece of donor bacterial D N A into […]
progeny phage heads
Steps of Generalized transduction: A normal […] attaches to a donor bacterium and injects its DNA into the cell. Replication of the phage chromosome is followed by […] to produce phage proteins. Progeny phages are assembled normally, but some phages (generalized transducing phage) receive a host […] instead of phage DNA. Host cell [..] releases all the progeny phages
P1 phage; transcription and translation; DNA fragment; lysis
Steps of Generalized Transduction: Generalized […] phages (incorrectly packaged) attach to new recipient cells and inject their DNA. In each recipient, […] occurs between the donor fragment and the recipient chromosome. A stable […] strain results
transducing; homologous recombination; transductant
