Genetics

Question 1

Chromosome

Answer 1

Unit of inheritance - made of DNA and protein

Question 2

Gene

Answer 2

A short section of DNA that codes for a specific protein (hair colour, eye colour, etc)

Question 3

Allele

Answer 3

A different form/type of the same gene

Question 4

Locus

Answer 4

The position of a gene of the chromosome

Question 5

Dominant

Answer 5

Prevents the expression of the recessive allele in the physical make-up

Question 6

Recessive

Answer 6

Prevented from being expressed in the physical makeup by the dominant allele.

Question 7

Phenotype

Answer 7

The physical characteristics (of an organism)

Question 8

Genotype

Answer 8

The genetic makeup (of the organism)

Question 9

Heterozygous

Answer 9

Different / opposite alleles in a genotype

Question 10

Homozygous

Answer 10

The same alleles in a genotype

Question 11

Sex Linked Characteristics / Genes

Answer 11

a gene controlled by or found on the X chromosome.
e.g. Colourblindness or Haemophilia.

Question 12

Carrier

Answer 12

A person who contains the recessive allele for a genetic condition but does not show the condition in their phenotype.

Question 13

The Law of Segregation

Answer 13

During gamete formation, alleles can separate, and only one allele of the pair is found in each gamete.

Question 14

Linked Genes

Answer 14

Genes located on the same chromosome

Question 15

Autosomes

Answer 15

chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes