Genetic Engineering

Question 1

What is genetic engineering ?

Answer 1

Genetic engineering involves the transfer of genes from one species of organism into another. The genes then function in the new organism to produce a substance useful to man.

Question 2

Give an example of genetic engineering used in humans?

Answer 2

The human gene which produces insulin, can be inserted into a host bacterial cell

Question 3

What is the first stage of genetic engineering?

Answer 3

Identifiy section of dna that contains the required gene feom soirce chromosome

Question 4

What is stage 2 of genetic engineering?

Answer 4

Extract required gene

Question 5

What is stage 3 of genetic engineering?

Answer 5

Extract plasmid from host bacterial cell.

Question 6

What is stage 4 of genetic engineering?

Answer 6

Insert required gene into the bacterial plasmid.(seal using enzyme)

Question 7

What is stage 5 of genetic engineering?

Answer 7

Insert plasmid into host bacterial cell

Question 8

What are the advantages of genetic engineering?(2)

Answer 8

• Produce large quantities of desired product

- Wide range of substances of medicinal and commercial value produced.

Question 9

What are the disadvantages of genetic engineering?(2)

Answer 9

• Cost of development is expensive

- Possibility of reprogrammed bacteria released into the ecosystem with harmful effects.

Question 10

Stage 6 of genetic engineering

Answer 10

Multiply bacterial cell to produce more GM organisms