Respiration

Question 1

What must always be present for fermentation to occur in a yeast cell

Answer 1

Enzyme

Question 2

Examples of cellular activities that require energy

Answer 2

• cell division
• synthesis of proteins from amino acids
• active transport
• muscle cell contraction (in animal bodies)
• transmission of nerve impulses (in animal bodies)

Question 3

What is ATP made up of?

Answer 3

• one adenosine molecule

- three phosphate groups, (Pi)

Question 4

The energy required for cellular activities is provided directly by molecules of …

Answer 4

ATP

Question 5

How is energy relaesed from each ATP molecule?

Answer 5

By breaking down ATP into adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and a phosphate group..

Question 6

Breakdown of ATP..

Answer 6

Releases energy

Question 7

Regenaration of ATP..

Answer 7

Requires energy

Question 8

What is respiration

Answer 8

cellular process of releasing energy from food through a series of enzyme-controlled reactions.

Question 9

What happens to the energy released in ATP?

Answer 9

• Used as energy in the regeneration of ATP

- Lost as heat

Question 10

Name the two types of respiration

Answer 10

Aerobic respiration

Fermentation

Question 11

What is areobic respiration

Answer 11

Name for respiration that occurs in cell with oxygen present

Question 12

What is fermentation

Answer 12

Name for respiration that occurs in a cell with no oxygen

Question 13

word equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 13

Glucose+oxygen>carbon dioxid+water+ATP

Question 14

Where does stage one of aerobic respiration take place.

Answer 14

In the cytoplasm

Question 15

Where does stage two of aerobic respiration take place.

Answer 15

The mitochondria of plant,animal and fungal cells.

Question 16

What happens in stage one of aerobic respiration?

Answer 16

1. Glucose in the cytoplasm of cells is broken down into two molecules of pyruvat
2. releases enough energy to produce 2 molecules of ATP for every molecule of glucose that is broken down.
3. breakdown of glucose is controlled by enzymes.
4. oxygen isn’t required

Question 17

What happens in stage two?

Answer 17

1. pyruvate molecule enters the mitochondria and is broken down whens theres oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water.
2. Oxygen does not react directly with molecules of pyruvate
3. If theres no oxygen only two ATP is made

Question 18

Why do nerve cells and muscle cells contain large amounts of mitochondria?

Answer 18

because they have a high energy demand therefore need to maximise atp production by aerobic respiration.

Question 19

Where does fermentation occur

Answer 19

In the cytoplasm

Question 20

If oxygen is not available to animal cells then pyruvate is converted into….

Answer 20

Lactate(lactic acid)

Question 21

If oxygen is not available in plant and yeast cells pyruvate is converted into…

Answer 21

Carbon dioxide and ethanol

Question 22

word equation for fermentation pathway in animal cell

Answer 22

Glucose(pyruvate)—>lactate +ATP

Question 23

word equation for fermentation pathway in plant and yeast cells.

Answer 23

Glucose(pyruvate)—>carbon dioxide+ethanol+ATP