Genes Flashcards
Translation process
-mRNA attaches to ribosome at start codon
-tRNA with complementary anticodon attaches to mRNA codon
-tRNA has specific amino acid
-amino acid joined by peptide bond ATP
-tRNA is released from ribosome and a new enters
-ribosomes move along mRNA to synthesise a complete polypeptide
Hardy Weinberg equation
P + q = 1
P^2 +2pq + q^2 =1
P is dominant allele, q is recessive
^2 is homozygous
Why are some genetic conditions more prevalent in men than women
-sex linked disorder
-the allele for disorder is on the X chromosome
-females require 2 alleles to have the disorder whilst males only require 1
How might induced pluripotent stem cells correct red green colour blindness
-ips divide
-developing/differentiating into green sensitive cones
Why induced pluripotent cells may be better than gene therapy which uses virus injection
- Gene therapy provides short term relief/ treatment
- Less chance of rejection with ips
3.ips is a single treatment
4.potential harm from viruses in gene therapy
What does hardy Weinberg principal predict 3m
-proportion of alleles of a particular gene
-will stay constant from one generation to the next
-proving there is no mutation
Gêne
Section of DNA on a chromosome that controls a feature by coding for formation of one or more specific polypeptides or a functional RNA (including rRNA and tRNA).
Allèle
Alternative forms of a particular gene with different base sequences
Chromosome
Long molecule of DNA (polynucleotide) coiled around histones
4 features of the genetic code
-It is a triplet code: 3 bases = 1 amino acid
-It is a degenerate code: most amino acids are coded for by more than one triplet.
-It is a non-overlapping code: each base appears in only one triplet.
- It is a universal code: it is the same in all known living things
Exon
Coding region
Intron
Non coding region
Name for 3 based on DNA vs mRNA
Triplet code vs codon
