Gene Regulation Flashcards
Our cells contain genes that regulate…
Cell division when they need to and don’t when they don’t need to
Regulation genes are called…
Proto-oncogenes (stop cells dividing by mitosis too often)
Sometimes proto-oncogenes can mutate slightly to form…
Oncogenes
- change in DNA
- change sequence of bases
- change tertiary structure
- create a non-functional protein
Oncogenes are a…
Mutated proto-oncogene that cause uncontrolled cell division or cancer
Cause of mutation…
Carcinogen - resulting in oncogene - cancerous phenotype
Some proto-oncogenes code for…
Receptor proteins in the cell membrane.
When these are activated by a specific growth factor, they activate the genes that stimulate cell division
Other proto-oncogenes produce the…
Growth factors that stimulate cell division.
A change in the base sequence of a proto-oncogene can occur. This is called a …
Mutation.
When a proto-oncogene mutates it can become an…
Oncogene
Oncogenes cause uncontrolled cell division in one or two ways:
- Some produce a different form of the receptor protein that stimulates cell division, even when the growth factor is not present
- others produce uncontrolled amounts of growth factors.
