GENBIO - Cell Modification Flashcards
It occurs after cell division where the newly formed cells are structurally modified.
Cell Modification
Why Cell Modification Occur?
To be able to carry out their tasks efficiently
3 kinds of cell modification
- Apical Modification
- Basal Modification
- Lateral Modification
Apical Modification presents at the _____________.
apical (top) surface
Apical Modification is used for _________.
- absorption
- secretion
- movement
- protection
5 types of apical modification
*Flagella (flagellum)
*Cilia (cilium)
*Microvilli (microvillus)
*Pseudopodia (pseudopodium)
*Stereocilia (stereocilium)
whip-like appendages
Flagella
used for locomotion
Flagella
also often functions as a sensory organelle
Flagella
Eukaryotes have true flagellum, almost half the human population produces cells with them in the form of ___________.
SPERM
This is the only cell in the human body with
flagellum.
SPERM
It increase the surface area for diffusion
and minimize any increase in volume
Microvilli
It is used for ABSORPTION, secretion, cellular adhesion, and mechanotransduction.
Microvilli
They are tiny little projections that exist in, on, and around cells.
Microvilli
fingerlike
Microvilli
The tissue has small fingerlike extensions
called __________.
villi
short hair like structures
Cilia
Cillia’s function is for
movement
They are primarily responsible for locomotion, either of the cell itself or of fluids on the cell surface.
Cilia
They are also involved in mechanoreception.
Cilia
They are the protozoans that possess cilia which they use for both locomotion and feeding.
Cilates
TWO TYPES OF CILIA
Motile Cillia
Non-Motile Cillia
Motile cilia is always moving in a __________.
single direction
Non-motile cilia is responsible for ___________.
for sensing the
surrounding environment.
They are also called Primary Cilia.
Non-Motile Cilia
A cilia are made up of ___________________.
made up of microtubules coated in plasma membrane
False feet, arm-like projections
Psuedopodia
Psuedopodia function is for __________.
Motility and
ingestion
Long microvilli that function in increasing absorption
Stereocilia
Cell modification found
on the basal surface of
the cell
Basal Modification
2 types of basal modification
*Hemidesmosomes
*Basal Infoldings
Provide strong and stable adhesion
Hemidesmosomes
Found in epithelium that are known to transport fluid (kidneys)
Basal Infoldings
Found on the lateral (side) surfaces
Lateral Modification
Facilitates cell-cell interactions and contribute to tissue integrity
Lateral Modification
3 types of Lateral
modification
- Adhering Junction
- Tight Junction
- Gap Junction
Anchoring junction on
the lateral surface of the
cell
Adhering Junctions
Fasten cells to one
another
Adhering Junctions
Contain actin
and intermediate
filaments
Adhering Junctions
Maintain integrity of the
cell to better bind
Adhering Junctions
Also called Zonula Occludens
Tight Junctions
Regulate the movement of water and solutes
Tight Junctions
Preventing diffusion of
water soluble molecules
Tight Junctions
Important in cell communication
Gap Junctions
It permit the free passage ions and small molecules
Gap Junctions
Involves Phatocytosis
Pseudopodia
