21ST CENTURY - Pre-Spanish Period to Post War Period Flashcards
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PRE-SPANISH PERIOD
- Folk Speeches
- Folk Songs
- Folk Narratives
- Indegenous Rituals
- Mimetic Dances
SHORTEST FORM OF FOLK LITERATURE
FOLK SPEECHES
SOME OF THE OLDEST
TYPES OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE
FOLK SONGS
THESE SONGS REFLECTED THE EARLIEST TIMES IN CULTURE.
FOLK SONGS
- TRADITIONAL STORIES, MYTHS, AND
LEGENDS FROM INDIGENOUS TRIBES
FOLK NARRATIVES
CRITICAL FOR CULTURAL
UNDERSTANDING, MORAL TECHINGS, HISTORICAL PRESERVATION, AND CULTURAL IDENTITY PRESERVATION
FOLK NARRATIVES
DEEPLY
ROOTED IN SPIRITUAL, SOCIAL, AND
CULTURAL LIVES, WERE PERFORMED BY INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES BEFORE EUROPEAN COLONIZATION.
INDEGENOUS RITUALS
LONG
VERSE NARRATIVES ON CHIVALRICHEROIC, RELIGIOUS, LEGENDARY, FOLKLORIC THEMES
AWIT OR SONG
STATEMENTS THAT
CONTAIN SUPERFICIAL WORDS
BUGTONG OR RIDDLE
THEY FUNCTION FIGURATIVELY AND AS METAPHORS, AND ARE IN THE FORM OF QUESTIONS.
BUGTONG OR RIDDLE
INVOLVES LONG, EPISODIC, CHANTED
POEMS ABOUT LEGENDARY HEROES,
EPIC OR EPIKO
STATEMENTS THAT ARE CONSIDERED AS WISE.
SALAWIKAIN OR PROVERB
OFTEN REFLECTED THE
BELIEFS, CUSTOMS, AND EXPERIENCES
KASABIHAN OR SAYINGS
A SHORT POEM OF FOUR LINES,
EACH THAT INCLUDES SEVEN SYLLABLES
TANAGA
AN ANCIENT TYPE OF POETRY AMONG THE HANUNOO
MANGYAN PEOPLE OF MINDORO,
AMBAHAN
CONSISTS OF SEVEN-
SYLLABLE LINES AND IS COMMONLY WRITTEN IN THE SURAT MANGYAN SCRIPT, AN OLD SYLLABIC WRITING
STYLE.
AMBAHAN
Spanish colonization in the Philippines started in
1565
The first Spanish governor-general in the Philippines
Miguel Lopez de Legazpi
Expeditions to the Philippines were sent by Spain in the
16th century
3 GOALS OF SPANIARDS
*Gold
*Glory
*God
popularly called Balagtas
Francisco Baltazar
The master of traditional Tagalog poetry
Francisco Baltazar
His work Florante at Laura (1838
1861)
Francisco Baltazar
He wrote Sampaguitas y poesias varias (1880), the first poetry collection in Spanish by a Filipino; and
the novel in Spanish Ninay (1885), considered to be the first Filipino novel.
Pedro Paterno
The first Filipino novel
Ninay
The first poetry collection in Spanish by a Filipino
Sampaguitas y poesias varias
famous for the novels Noli Me Tangere
and El Filibusterismo.
Jose Rizal
The founder of the Katipunan, wrote the poem “Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Bayan.”
Andres Bonifacio
“Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Bayan” appeared in
Kalayaan, the official newspaper of the Katipunan
“mother of Philippine women’s literature”
Leona Florentino
Twenty of her poems were preserved and exhibited in Europe
Leona Florentino
Leona Florentina’s twenty poems were preserved and exhibited in Europe. The poems were included in the
Encyclopedia International des Oeuvres des Femme in 1889
wife of Andres Bonifacio
Gregoria de Jesus
Also known as Aling Oriang
Gregoria de Jesus
She was the founder and vice-president of the women’s chapter of the Katipunan
Gregoria de Jesus
The first book to be printed in the Philippines
Ang Doctrina Cristiana (The Christian Doctrine)
The second book printed in the Philippines written by Fr. Blancas de San Jose in 1602. It was
printed at UST Press with the help of Juan Vera, a Chinese mestizo.
Nuestra Señora Del Rosario (Our Lady of the Rosary)
A narrative of the Passion, Death, and Resurrection of Jesus Christ woven into a poem with
stanzas of five lines and each line having eight syllables.
THE PASYON (Spanish: pasión )
Popularized and sang during May time “Flores de Mayo.”
Ang mga Dalit kay Maria
Collection of songs praising the Virgin Mary written by Fr. Mariano Sevilla in 1856
Ang mga Dalit kay Maria
A book written by Fr. Blancas de San Jose with the help of Fernando Bagongbanta, a ladino and a Tagalog man-of-letters
Arte y Reglas de la Lengua Tagala (Arts and Rules of the Tagalog Language)
It was the first Tagalog dictionary written by Fr. Pedro de San Buenaventura in 1613
Vocabulario de la Lengua Tagala (Vocabulary of the Tagalog Language)
It was written by Fr. Gaspar de San Agustin in 1703
Compendio de la Lengua Tagala (A Dictionary of the Tagalog Language)
The Spaniards colonized the Philippines for more than how many countries?
for more than three countries
Spanish colonization ended in
1898
Filipinos used the ancient script called
ALIBATA
It represents the core beliefs and teachings of Christianity
Christian Doctrine
SPANISH INFLUENCES ON THE PHILIPPINE LITERATURE
ALIBATA
Christian Doctrine
Spanish language became the literary language this time
European legends and traditions
Ancient literature was collected and translated to Tagalog
Grammar books were printed in Filipino
Biography of the Four Fathers of the Catholic Church.
The Book on the Four Fathers of the Church
First Tagalog novel published in the Philippines with 556 pages.
Barlaan at Josaphat (Barlaan and Josaphat)
Two sisters that has greatly influenced the behavior of people in society
Urbana at Felisa (Urbana and Felisa)
The Father of Classic Tagalog Prose
Fr. Modesto de Castro
● Leron-Leron Sinta (Tagalog)
● Pamulinawen (Iloko)
● Dandansoy (Bisaya)
ARE EXAMPLES OF
FOLK SONGS
Dodecasyllabic verse
Awit
It refers to chanting
Awit
Octosyllabic verse
Corrido
Theywereusually based on legends or stories from European countries
Corrido
Dramatic performance of the passion and death of Christ
Senakulo
Also reffered to as moro-moro
Komedya
A form of dramatic entertainment performed on a moonlèss night
Carillo
Centered around religious themes
Religious Drama
Considered as the father of drama
Zarzuela
A musical comedy or melodrama
Zarzuela
A special occasion for the Pilareños of Pilar, Sorsogon during May time to get together and celebrate in honor of religious patron
Lagaylay
Means “to excavate”
Tibag
An Easter play that dramatizes the reunion of the risen Christ and his mother.
Salubong
Theywereexaggerated comedies shown between acts of long plays
The Sainete
When was the American colonial period?
1898 to 1945
Purpose of US colonization
educate, civilize, and uplift Filipinos.
Philippines literature in Spanish was starting to lose its track on the first decade of this period.
AMERICAN PERIOD
A literary device that can be defined as poetry that is free from limitations
Free Verse
It was a formalist movement in literary theory that dominated American literary criticism in the middle decades of the 20th century. It emphasized close reading, particularly of poetry, to discover how a work of literature functioned as a self-contained, self- referential aesthetic object.
New Criticism
THE EMERGENCE PERIOD IS ALSO CALLED
THE PERIOD OF SELF-DISCOVERY AND GROWTH
The Emergence Period shifted
from romantic idealism to romantic realism.
Postwar and contomperary literature include all litterary works written and published in the Phillipines from
1946
CHARACTERISTICS OF POST WAR PERIOD
- Romanticism
- Nationalism
- Independence
- Nature
- Expression of feelings
He wrote the “Ginto ng Makiling” in 1946.
Macario Pineda
He published his work entitled “Without seeing the Dawn”.
Stevan Javellana
He published his work “A Season of Grace”.
Néstor Vicente Madali González (N.V.M. Gonzales)
Conferred as the National Artist of the Philippines for Literature in 1997.
Néstor Vicente Madali González (N.V.M. Gonzales)
Japanese Period started and ended when
1941-1945
She has described Filipino writing during the Japanese occupation as being pessimistic and bitter.
Victoria Abelardo
It was placed under strict surveillance until it was managed by a Japanese named Ishiwara
Liwayway
The only contact with the outside world was done with utmost secrecy through the underground radio program called
Voice of Freedom
It is made up of seventeen (17) syllables divided into three (3) lines. The first line has five, the second - seven and the third - five. It is allegorical in meaning, short and covers a wide scope
Haiku
5-7-5 syllable form
Haiku
It is a type of short Filipino poem, consisting of four lines with seven syllable each with the same rhyme
Tanaga
