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Finals > GB anatomy > Flashcards

GB anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

planes of the abdomen

A
  • 2 MCL (vertical)
  • transpyloric plane (L1) (halfway between xiphoid and umbilicus or 1/2 way between suprasternal notch and pubic symphysis
  • transtubercular plane at L5 (line between ASIS on each side)
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2
Q

where dies the thoracic duct drain

A

junction of the left subclavian and IJV

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3
Q

vertebral level of transpyloric plane

A

L1

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4
Q

vertebral level of transtubercular plane

A

L5

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5
Q

nerves to the anterior abdominal wall

A

iliohypogastric - L1
ilioinguinal - L1
genitofemoral - L1,2
Intercostal nerves (b/w int oblique and transverse) VAN

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6
Q

vertebral level of iliohypogastric nerve

A

L1

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7
Q

vertebral level of

ilioinguinal nerve

A

L1

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8
Q

vertebral level of

genitofemoral nerve

A

L1,2

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9
Q

layers of the anterior abdominal wall

A
  1. skin
  2. superficial fascia - camper’s (fatty layer)
  3. superficial fascia - scarpa’s (membranous layer)
  4. external oblique and aponeurosis
  5. internal oblique and aponeurosis
  6. transverse abdominis and aponeurosis
  7. transversalis fascia (separates contents from rectus abdominis)
  8. extra peritoneal fascia
  9. peritoneal fascia
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10
Q

_____ fascia encloses the penis

A

colles’

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11
Q

rupture of the urethra causes swelling in the ____

A

scarpa’s fascia

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12
Q

murphy’s point

A

gallbladder
9th CC, MCL
L1

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13
Q

McBurney’s Point

A

Appendix

1/3 way from right ASIS to umbilicus

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14
Q

muscles of the anterior abdominal wall

A 
rectus abdominis 
external oblique 
internal oblique
transversus abdominis
inguinal ligament
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15
Q

rectus abdominis

A

flexor of the spinal column

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16
Q

external oblique

A

passes medially to inguinal ligament, linea alba and pubic region
fibres pass downwards and medially
starts at lower 8 ribs

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17
Q

internal oblique

A

lateral part inguinal ligament

fibres pass upwards and medially

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18
Q

transversus abdominis

A

lower 6 ribs
horizontal fibres
lateral part of inguinal ligament

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19
Q

inguinal ligament

A

lateral part - formed by internal oblique and transverse abdominis

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20
Q

conjoint tendon

A

the lowest fibres arising from the inguinal ligament arches down to attach medially with similar fibres of the transverse abdominis to the pubic tubercle

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21
Q

the lowest fibres arising from the inguinal ligament arches down to attach medially with similar fibres of the transverse abdominis to the pubic tubercle to form the ____

A

conjoint tendon

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22
Q

linea alba

A

midline

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23
Q

semilunaris

A

lateral margin

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24
Q

rectus sheath

A

aponeurosis of muscles cover the rectus abdominis

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25
Q

above costal margin

A

only external oblique and it overlies the rectus abdominis

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26
Q

under costal margin

A

external oblique above
internal oblique splits above and below
transverse abdominis below

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27
Q

arcuate line

A

horizontal line where all aponeurosis lie over rectus abdominis
note- it is where inf. epigastric vessels perforate the rectus abdominis

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28
Q

where inf. epigastric vessels perforate the rectus abdominis

A

arcuate line

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29
Q

walls of the inguinal canal (and where do they originate)

A

internal spermatic fascia ( transversalis fascia)
cremaster muscle and fascia (conjoint tendon)
external spermatic fascia (external oblique)

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30
Q

contents of inguinal canal

A

female - round ligament of uterus
male -spermatic cord
both - ilioinguinal nerve

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31
Q

origin of internal spermatic fascia

A

transversalis fascia

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32
Q

origin of cremaster muscle and fascia

A

conjoint tendon

33
Q

origin of external spermatic fascia

A

external oblique

34
Q

contents of spermatic cord

A

3 arteries -
testicular artery (aorta at L2)
cremaster artery (inferior epigastric)
artery of vas (superior vesical)

3 nerves -
ilioinguinal (comes in laterally and not through deep inguinal ring
nerve to cremaster (genitofemoral)
sympathetics

3 others -
pampiniform plexus of veins
lymphatics of para-aortic nodes at L2
vas deferens

35
Q

lymphatics of para-aortic nodes at

A

L2

36
Q

testicular artery branches off aorta at

A

L2

37
Q

the cremaster artery is a branch of the

A

inferior epigastric

38
Q

the artery of vas is a branch of

A

superior vesical

39
Q

the nerve to cremaster is a branch of the

A

genitofemoral

40
Q

types of hernias

A

femoral hernia
inguinal
testicular swellings

41
Q

femoral hernia

A

lateral and below pubic tubercle

42
Q

inguinal hernias

A

direct - weakness of the transversalis fascia (superficial ring)
indirect - congenital hernia which goes through both rings along inguinal canal

43
Q

testicular swelling

A

hydrocele - collection of fluid in tunica vaginalis
varicocele - enlarged veins of pampiniform plexus
spermatocele - sperm leak

44
Q

hydrocele

A

collection of fluid in tunica vaginalis

45
Q

varicocele

A

enlarged veins of pampiniform plexus

46
Q

spermatocele

A

sperm leak

47
Q

weakness of the transversalis fascia (superficial ring)

A

direct inguinal hernia

48
Q

congenital hernia which goes through both rings along inguinal canal

A

indirect inguinal hernia

49
Q

hernia lateral and below pubic tubercle

A

femoral hernia

50
Q

enlarged veins of pampiniform plexus

A

varicocele

51
Q

collection of fluid in tunica vaginalis

A

hydrocele

52
Q

sperm leak

A

spermatocele

53
Q

what important structures lie at the transpyloric plane

A 
L1
fundus of gallbladder
pancreatic body
left and right colic/ splenic fissure
spleen
end of spinal cord
origin of the superior mesenteric artery 
hilum of the kidneys 
ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve originates
54
Q

vertebral level of

fundus of gallbladder

A

L1

55
Q

vertebral level of

pancreatic body

A

L1

56
Q

vertebral level of

left and right colic/ splenic fissure

A

L1

57
Q

vertebral level of

spleen

A

L1

58
Q

vertebral level of

end of spinal cord

A

L1

59
Q

vertebral level of

origin of the superior mesenteric artery

A

L1

60
Q

vertebral level of

hilum of the kidneys

A

L1

61
Q

vertebral level of ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve

A

L1

62
Q

2 layers of the peritoneum

A
  1. parietal - serous membrane that lines body wall

2. visceral - serous membrane that covers/ folds surface of the internal organs

63
Q

pain in the layers of peritoneum

A

parietal - somatic localised

visceral - autonomic referred

64
Q

foregut contents

A

distal esophagus –> 2nd part of duodenum

65
Q

midgut contents

A

2nd part of duodenum –> 2/3 transverse colon

66
Q

hindgut contents

A

distal 1/3 of transverse colon –> rectum

67
Q

arterial supply to foregut

A

celiac trunk (T12)

68
Q

arterial supply to midgut

A

superior mesenteric (L1)

69
Q

arterial supply to hindgut

A

inferior mesenteric (L3)

70
Q

vertebral level of celiac trunk

A

T12

71
Q

vertebral level of superior mesenteric

A

L1

72
Q

vertebral level of inferior mesenteric

A

L3

73
Q

venous supply to foregut

A

splenic veins

74
Q

venous supply to midgut

A

superior mesenteric

75
Q

venous supply to hindgut

A

inferior mesenteric

76
Q

innervation of foregut

A

T5-10

77
Q

innervation of midgut

A

T9-11

78
Q

innervation of hindgut

A

L1,2

Finals (17 decks)

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