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Finals > FIIS Drugs > Flashcards

FIIS Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

palivizumab (synagis) - humanised alpha RSV Mab

A
  • prevent infection (anti-fusion)

- help fight if already infected (neutralising activity)

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2
Q

Anti-D (RhD) Ig

A
  • autoimmune thrombocytopenia patients

- ‘decoy’ to prevent haemolytic disease of newborn (Rh compatibility)

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3
Q

Anti thymocyte globulin (ATG)

A
  • deplete T cells and prevent organ rejection post-transplant
  • in moderate/severe cases of aplastic anemia
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4
Q

Gefitinib

A

targets EGFR receptor

lung cancer

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5
Q

Cetuximab

A

targets EGFR receptor

colorectal, head and neck cancer

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6
Q

Trastuzumab

A

targets HER2 receptor

breast and gastric cancer

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7
Q

Pertuzumab

A

targets HER2 and 3 receptors

breast cancer

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8
Q

Bevacizumab

A

targets VEGF ligand and prevents binding to receptor

Brain Cancer

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9
Q

Basiliximab

A

Anti IL-2

transplantation prophylaxis

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10
Q

Remicade/ Infliximab

A

Anti TNF alpha

RA and Crohn’s Disease

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11
Q

NSAID

A

inhibits COX (and PG) production –> treats inflammation

  • anti-inflammatory
  • analgesic
  • Antipyretic
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12
Q

Anti-leukotrienes used for…

A

asthma

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13
Q

Zileuton

A

inhibition of leukotriene synthesis

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14
Q

Montelukast

A

Inhibition of leukotriene receptor

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15
Q

1st generation antihistamine - Diphenhydramine

A
  • crosses BBB
  • antimuscarinic activity
  • used for migraines and motion sickness
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16
Q

2nd generation - Cetirizine, Loratadine

A

does not cross BBB

side effects - fever and sometimes arrhythmias

17
Q

Adrenaline

A

increase G+HR and vasoconstriction immediately
resolves all effects of histamine
management of anaphylaxis

18
Q

Anti-IgE - Omalizumab

A

prevents binding of immune complex to mast cells

used prophylactically

19
Q

Triptan - Frovatriptan

A

serotonin agonist
targets inflammation
anti-migraine therapy

20
Q

Erenumab

A

targets CGRP

anti-migraine therapy

21
Q

colchicine

A

gout Tx
prevents crystal related inflammation
interferes with neutrophil fxn and blocks cellular responses to crystal
toxicity (not first line Tx)

22
Q

Allopurinol

A

chronic gout Tx
xanthine-oxidase inhibitor
decreases urate synthesis

23
Q

Probenecid/ Rasburicase

A

gout Tx

increases urate excretion

24
Q

Alkylators - cyclophosphamide

A

immunosuppressive

  • causes absolute thrombocytopenia with decreased granulocytes, lymphocytes and monocytes
  • inhibits NK cells
  • causes alopecia (hair loss), nausea
  • <100mg/mˆ2 targets B cells
  • <600mg/mˆ2 spares CD4+ T cells
25
Q

Anti-folate - Methotrexate

A

immunosuppressive

  • interfering with dihydrofolate reductase (used for DNA synthesis)
  • inhibits B and T cell replication
  • used in RA and psoriasis
  • used in combination with cyclosporine to prevent GvHD
26
Q

Mitoxantrone

A

immunosuppressive

  • anti-cancer agent for MS (last resort)
  • inhibits topoisomerase II by intercalating into DNA
  • serious toxicity (cardiotoxicity)
27
Q

Abx - Doxorubicin

A

immunosuppressive
anthracycline Abx
- inhibits B-cell fxn (more than T cell) and does NOT inhibit macrophages and NK cells by intercalating into DNA
- can cause cardiomyopathy

28
Q

Abx - Daunorubicin

A

immunosuppressive

- DOES inhibit macrophage fxn

29
Q

Purine Analogs - Azathioprine

A

immunosuppressive

  • metabolised to mercaptopurine
  • inhibits DNA synthesis –> inhibits B and T cells
  • NO effect on NK cells
  • DOES inhibit phagocytic cells
  • causes monocytopenia
  • used with prednisone to prevent transplant rejection
30
Q

Mycophenolate Mofetil

A

immunosuppressive and anti-proliferative

  • converted to active metabolic mycophenolic acid
  • inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase –> inhibits guanine nucleotide synthesis
  • more potent against IMPDH type II in lymphocytes
  • used in renal transplants as prophylaxis with calcineurin inhibitors
31
Q

Cladribine

A

immunosuppressive

  • orally active adenosine analogue
  • inhibits adenosine deaminase
  • approved Tx for Hairy cell leukemia
  • last resort for MS
32
Q

Leflunomide

A

immunosuppressive

  • inhibits dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) –> inhibits de novo pyrimidine synthesis
  • inhibits B and T cells
  • used for RA
  • side effects - mild GI disturbance
33
Q

Teriflunomide

A

immunosuppressive

  • active metabolite of leflunomide
  • Tx for MS

Finals (17 decks)

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