Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

AMC Flashcards > Gastroenterology by Dr Cintia > Flashcards

Gastroenterology by Dr Cintia Flashcards

1
Q

Diseases of the Small and Large Intestines

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Crohn Dx CLINICAL FEATURES

A
  • Pain is more common, affects all colon except for rectum, skip lesions, transmural inflammation, causes fistulas, fissures, noncaseating granulomas, perianal disease.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Crohn Dx FIRST INVESTIGATION

A

-Stool sample faecal calprotectin (Neutrophil derived biomarker)
-CXR, AXR to see complications of peritonitis or toxic megacolon.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Crohn Dx BEST INVESTIGATION

A
  1. Biopsy (Cobblestone sign)
  2. MRI for perianal dx in Crohn.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Crohn Dx TREATMENT

A

1.Mild Crohn: Budesonide enteric- coated.
2.Diffuse Crohn: Oral Prednisolone.
3.Methotrexate
4.Azathioprine - Infliximab good for Crohn w/ perianal fistula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Ulcerative Colitis CLINICAL FEATURES

A
  • Bleeding is more common, only affects the mucosa, but all the colon with rectal involvement, loss of haustra, crypt abscesses and ulcers, can cause toxic megacolon, perforation, Assoc w Primary sclerosing cholangitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Ulcerative Colitis BEST INVESTIGATION

A
  1. Biopsy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ulcerative Colitis TREATMENT

A
  1. Mesalazine/Sulfasalazine (Rectal+Oral preparation)
  2. Add Steroids (Budesonide, hydrocortisone, prednisolone rectally.
  3. Add Steroids orally (Prednisolone) Methotrexate and sulfasalazine cause oligospermia. But sulfasalazine is safe
    to use in pregnancy and methotrexate not
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

syndrome diaphragmatic hernias

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

diaphragmatic hernia: Acquired

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Congenital Malabsorption

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Coeliac disease

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Lactose intolerance

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Diseases of the liver

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Liver Function Test

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Jaundice

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

drug-induced liver injury: Khat herbal leaves

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Fatty liver (hepatic steatosis) Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Alcoholic hepatitis CLINICAL FEATURES

A
  • Marked neutrophilia, fever, hepatic pain, tenderness, encephalopathy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Alcoholic hepatitis FIRST INVESTIGATION

A
  • Inc AST>ALT, GGT
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Alcoholic hepatitis TREATMENT

A

If encephalopathy->Prednisolone.
If CI (untreated inf)-> Oxpentifylline (CI in allergy to caffeine or theophylline)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

alcoholic liver disease

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Autoimmune hepatitis CLINICAL FEATURES

A
  • Cx by infliximab, nitrofurantoin, minocycline
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Autoimmune hepatitis BEST INVESTIGATION
Abs: -  ANA (cheaper) -  SMA (Smooth muscle ab) - anti-LKM1 (anti liver kidney microsomes)-assoc w/poor response to tx
26
Autoimmune hepatitis TREATMENT
Prednisolone + Azathioprine
27
Haemochromatosis CLINICAL FEATURES
AR. Multiple symptoms. Accumulate in pituitary (Libido, impotence with low FSH and LH), skin (dark skin), joint (Polyarthritis), Pancreas (DM), Liver (Chronic hepatitis). -  MC Heart manifestation: CHF -  MCC death: Cirrhosis
28
Haemochromatosis FIRST INVESTIGATION
1. Ion studies- Transferrin saturation>70% (Check transferrin and ferritin e/2y)
29
Haemochromatosis BEST INVESTIGATION
1. HFE gene (C282Y gene- 80-90% pts in Oz are homozygous for this mutation). If Hets pts will not develop symptoms.
30
Haemochromatosis TREATMENT
1. Serial venesection until ferritin is <50ugs. Maintenance venesection 3x/year to keep ferritin<100
31
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis FIRST INVESTIGATION
-AMA Abs (Antimitochondrial)
32
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis BEST INVESTIGATION
Biopsy. - Transient elastography to stage severity of dx
33
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis TREATMENT
Ursodeoxycholic acid for pruritus, LFTs and survival.
34
Wilson's Dx CLINICAL FEATURES
AR. Confusion, dysarthria, wide based gate, acute change of personality + cirrhosis - Kayser Fleischer rings
35
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis CLINICAL FEATURES
-Assoc w CU. - stricturing in intra and extrahepatic bile ducts
36
Wilson's Dx FIRST INVESTIGATION
1. Serum Ceruloplasmin (low) and high 24 hour urinary copper excretion 2. Slip lamp examination (Kayser Fleisher rings)
37
Hepatitis B CLINICAL FEATURES
-30% likely to pass it if needle injury. Compared to 3% in HCV and 0.03% in HIV. -  Sex is MCC of transmission. -  If HBsAg>6 months: Chronic Hep B
38
Hepatitis B FIRST INVESTIGATION
- HBsAg: aCute, Chronic, Carrier. - Anti-HbsAb: cleAred, vAccination. -Anti-HBcIgM: Acute hep -Anti-HBcIgG: Chronic, Carrier, Cleared -HBeAg. Acute&Chronic
39
Hepatitis B TREATMENT
Chronic: -    Interferon weekly injs for 48w. Not in decompensated liver dx-Do Child Pugh Score) -    Entacavir, tenofovir: Once daily lifelong tx.
40
Hepatitis C CLINICAL FEATURES
- #1 cx: needle sharing. - No vaccine available. - Chronic (>6m). - 10-30% of pts develop Cirrhosis in 20yrs. Compared to HepB that goes to cirrhosis faster
41
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis FIRST INVESTIGATION
1. US/P-ANCA
42
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis TREATMENT
Ursodeoxycholic acid also reduce risk of CRC.
43
Hepatitis C BEST INVESTIGATION
Liver biopsy looking for cirrhosis
44
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis BEST INVESTIGATION
MRCP
45
Hepatitis A TREATMENT
- Ig useful if immunocompromised and <12months babies. - Vaccine
46
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis CLINICAL FEATURES
- Pruritus, fatigue, cholestasis in biochemistry
47
Hepatitis A CLINICAL FEATURES
- Not chronic, travel Hx, endemic in Queensland and NT. - Exclusion for 7 days after appearance of jaundice OR until resolution of symptoms - NOTIFIABLE Dx
48
Hepatitis C TREATMENT
-    Sofospuvir/Ledipasvir -    Peginterferon but causes BM supression (Do FBC monthly), depression (give it with low dose SSRI) -    Do SVR12 (means cure). Undetectable HCV RNA by PCR 12 weeks after end of tx
49
Hepatitis D CLINICAL FEATURES
Uncommon in Oz. From migrants If infectious is at the same time with HBV: Fulminant hepatitis. If superinifection-> Chronic hepatitis
50
Hepatitis D TREATMENT
Peginterferon for at least 48 weeks
51
Hepatitis C FIRST INVESTIGATION
- Anti HCV - HCV RNA - Serial ALT (3x in 6m) to see progression
52
Hepatitis E CLINICAL FEATURES
Dangerous in prEgnancy, oldEr pts, and preExisting liver dx-> acute liver failure
53
Hepatitis E TREATMENT
Ribavirin
54
Liver Tumors Simple
55
Liver cysts Benign: Hepatic Adenoma CLINICAL FEATURES
Young pts with benign tumour linked to OCPs or fertile women. - Pain, spontaneous rupture and haemorrhage are complications (esp in pregnancy).
56
Liver cysts Benign: Hepatic Adenoma TREATMENT
Resection before pregnancy should be indicated.
57
Liver cysts Benign: Hemangioma
58
Malignant - HEPATOMA or hepatocellular carcinoma HCC CLINICAL FEATURES
- Cx: Chronic alcoholism, Hep B C D infection, obesity, DM, smoking
59
Malignant - HEPATOMA or hepatocellular carcinoma HCC FIRST INVESTIGATION
Surveillance: - Nodule<10mm: US e/3m - Nodule>10mm: Contrast CT/MRI. - Tumour marker: AFP
60
Malignant - HEPATOMA or hepatocellular carcinoma HCC BEST INVESTIGATION
Biopsy
61
Malignant - HEPATOMA or hepatocellular carcinoma HCC TREATMENT
Qx resection is not advised - Sorafenib can prolong survival
62
Secondary liver cancer (Metastatisis)
63
Cirrhosis CLINICAL FEATURES
- Low albumin is best indicator of cirrhosis
64
Cirrhosis FIRST INVESTIGATION
1. LFTs, FBE: Thrombocytopaenia, altered IRN, low albumin 2. US. 3. CT/MRI
65
Cirrhosis BEST INVESTIGATION
Liver Biopsy
66
Portal hypertension
67
Gastro-oesophageal Varices
68
Ascites
69
Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS)
70
Hepatic Encephalopathy TREATMENT
1.  Lactulose 2.  Rifaximin
71
Hepatic Encephalopathy CLINICAL FEATURES
- Changes in personality, sleep, disorientation, flapping tremor, impaired ability to draw 5-point star
72
Portal vein thrombosis
73
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis CLINICAL FEATURES
-  MCC: E. coli, Klebsiella. -  Ascitic pt that deteriorates with altered mental status, fever, abd pain, inc WBC -  Mechanism: Bacterial translocation from gut to mesenteric lymph node
74
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis BEST INVESTIGATION
Ascitic fluid culture: WBC>0.5 or neutrophil>0.25 is dx
75
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis TREATMENT
-  Empirical: Ceftriaxone OR Cefotaxime. If allergy to penicillin: cipro OR aztreonam. -  Secondary prophylaxis with Bactrim
76
Proton pump inhibitors
77
Globus Hystericus CLINICAL FEATURES
Sensation of something in throat, symptoms of reflux. Nothing on PE
78
Pharyngeal Pouch CLINICAL FEATURES
>70yo male, normal neck, regurgitation of undigested food, halitosis, dysphagia
79
Pharyngeal Pouch BEST INVESTIGATION
1. Barium swallow
80
Pharyngeal Pouch TREATMENT
Stent
81
Eosinophilic Oesophagitis CLINICAL FEATURES
Hx of atopy, symptoms of GORD
82
Eosinophilic Oesophagitis FIRST INVESTIGATION
1. PPI
83
Eosinophilic Oesophagitis BEST INVESTIGATION
Endoscopy with biopsy
84
Eosinophilic Oesophagitis TREATMENT
1.  PPI for 4-8 weeks 2.  Fluticasone swallowed for 8w 3.  Oral prednisolone
85
Achalasia CLINICAL FEATURES
Dysphagia (intermittent to solids and liquids), posture to aid swallowing, food that sticks, slow eaters.
86
Achalasia FIRST INVESTIGATION
1. Endoscopy. If not available->Barium swallow-Bird's beak
87
Achalasia BEST INVESTIGATION
Oesophageal manometry (Increase pressure)
88
Achalasia TREATMENT
- Young: Endoscopic Pneumatic Dilation (Less invasive) or Laparoscopy Myotomy -Old: Nifedipine, botulin inj.
89
Presbyoesophagus CLINICAL FEATURES
Old pts with dysphagia and low amplitude contractions on manometry
90
Oesophageal Candidiasis CLINICAL FEATURES
In immunocompromised pts
91
Oesophageal Candidiasis TREATMENT
-Asymptomatic and not immunocompromised-Nystatin for 14 days - Symptomatic or Immunocompromised: Fluconazole 14-21d
92
Viral Oesophagitis CLINICAL FEATURES
Cause: HSV, CMV
93
Viral Oesophagitis BEST INVESTIGATION
Endoscopy w/ biopsy for pathology and PCR
94
Viral Oesophagitis TREATMENT
Acyclovir IV followed by famciclovir/vala for 10 days
95
Barrets Oesophagus CLINICAL FEATURES
Metaplasia (From squamous to simple columnar) Most imp RF for Oesophageal adenocarcinoma
96
Barrets Oesophagus BEST INVESTIGATION
Endoscopy w/ biopsy
97
Barrets Oesophagus TREATMENT
1.  PPI 2.  Surveillance Metaplasia. Review in 3-5y if <3cm or 2-3y if ≥3cm. - Dysplasia- Endoscopy e/6m - High grade dysplasia: Refer. * PPI America recommends 3m in dysplasia
98
Oesophageal Cancer CLINICAL FEATURES
- Adenocarcinoma (MC in Oz, assoc w/ Barret). - SCC (MC in world. Assoc w/ SAD). - Progressive dysphagia first to solids then liquids, hiccoughs, hoarnesess, cough
99
Oesophageal Cancer BEST INVESTIGATION
1. Endoscopy w/ biopsies. If unavailable->Barium
100
Oesophageal Cancer TREATMENT
Surgery. CI in lesion>10cms, invasion to tracheobronchial tree and great vessels
101
Mallory Weiss CLINICAL FEATURES
Haem stable. Asoc w/ alcoholic binge
102
Mallory Weiss BEST INVESTIGATION
Endoscopy
103
Mallory Weiss TREATMENT
80-90% stops spontaneously
104
Complete Oesophageal rupture CLINICAL FEATURES
Chest pain, subcutaneous emphysema, crunching sound w/ heartbeat (Hamman's sign)
105
Boerhave's Sx CLINICAL FEATURES
Haem unstable. Complete transmural tear
106
Boerhave's Sx FIRST INVESTIGATION
1. X-ray
107
Boerhave's Sx BEST INVESTIGATION
1. Gastrograffin. Never Barium
108
Boerhave's Sx TREATMENT
1. Atbs, fluids, Qx.
109
110
GORD CLINICAL FEATURES
Belching, odynophagia
111
GORD FIRST INVESTIGATION
1. PPI
112
GORD BEST INVESTIGATION
>10y with GORD: Endoscopy to r/o Barrett
113
GORD TREATMENT
1. LSM weight loss 2. Magnesium/Aluminum hydroxide. 3. H2 blocks 4. PPI (6-8w if severe). SEs: Interstitial nephritis, alabsorption (Iron, Mg, Ca). 5. Qx: Roux-en-Y: BMI>40, or BMI>35 w/ DM, HTN. Comp of Qx: anastomotic leak (perforation)
114
Upper GI Bleeding CLINICAL FEATURES
-MCC: PUD. - Tachy, hypotension, sweating
115
Upper GI Bleeding TREATMENT
1. Admission, IV fluids, PPI IV 2. Endoscopy to identify bleeding point 3. Endoscopic haemostasis, Qx
116
Hydatid Cyst CLINICAL FEATURES
Farmer, reservoir in dogs and cattle, can happen in liver (jaundice, RUQ pain, vomiting) or lung (SOB, chest pain, cough)
117
Hydatid Cyst FIRST INVESTIGATION
US
118
Hydatid Cyst BEST INVESTIGATION
CT
119
Hydatid Cyst TREATMENT
- Qx w/PAIR technique (Puncture, Aspiration, Inj of hypertonic or ethanol), Reaspiration. - Albendazole for 4w after Qx. - Praziquantel if cysts are spilled during surgery or complicated cysts.
120
Liver Abscess CLINICAL FEATURES
-MCC: Klebsiella (Risk of Endopthalmitis). In children Staph Aureus. In NA: Melioidosis (Bulkdolheria). In travellers: E. hystolytica
121
Liver Abscess FIRST INVESTIGATION
US
122
Liver Abscess BEST INVESTIGATION
CT (Irregular multiple). Blood cultures
123
Liver Abscess TREATMENT
-    <5cm: Close needle drainage - >5cm: Rx guided catheter. -    Empiric Atbs: Gentamicin+Amoxi+Metro for 4-6w. If CI to genta: Ceftriazone or Cefotazime. -    Confirmed Klebsiella: Ceftriazone or cefotaxime. -    If high fever, tender lymphadenopathy, effusion at base of right chest->Amebiasis. Percutaneous CT aspiration+Metro
124
NASH CLINICAL FEATURES
Increased AST, ALT, GGT.
125
NASH TREATMENT
1.  LSM. 2.  Statins. Metformin for DM risk
126
Simple liver cysts CLINICAL FEATURES
Asymptomatic, or dull right upper pain, jaundice
127
Simple liver cysts FIRST INVESTIGATION
US
128
Simple liver cysts BEST INVESTIGATION
CT
129
Ascites TREATMENT
- Mild: low salt. If symptomatic use spironolactone, if painful gynaecomastia use amiloride. - Moderate: Spironolactone, if insufficient add furosemide, if tense ascites paracentesis Refractory: Repeated paracentesis, shunt, liver transplantation
130
Gastro-oesophageal varices FIRST INVESTIGATION
Dx endoscopy in all pts with cirrhosis looking for varices
131
Gastro-oesophageal varices TREATMENT
- Propranolol w or without endoscopic variceal band ligation. - Endoscopy e/ 6-12m - Acutely Bleeding: 1. IV line + PPI 2. Blood transfusion. 3. Octreotide to reduce portal pressure 4. Prophylactic Atb with Ceftriaxone OR Cipro IV
132
H pylori infection CLINICAL FEATURES
RF for gastric cancer.
133
H pylori infection FIRST INVESTIGATION
1. Serology Test
134
H pylori infection BEST INVESTIGATION
Biopsy urease testing
135
H pylori infection TREATMENT
- PPI+Amoxi+Clarythro. If penicillin allergy: PPI+Metro+Clarythro. - Post-tx you do Urea breath test 4 weeks after starting tx.
136
Autoimmune Gastritis CLINICAL FEATURES
Abs against parietal cells and IF. Atrophy of mucosa of stomach
137
Autoimmune Gastritis BEST INVESTIGATION
Endoscopy w/ biopsy
138
Autoimmune Gastritis TREATMENT
IM Vitamin B12
139
Peptic Ulcer Dx CLINICAL FEATURES
- Gastric has more vomiting and weight loss - Duodenal no vomiting and no weight loss. - Strictures as comp: If in pylorus (vomiting within 1 hour of meal), duodenal (after 1hr of meal)
140
Peptic Ulcer Dx FIRST INVESTIGATION
Urea Breath test: To monitor response to tx of H pylori
141
Peptic Ulcer Dx BEST INVESTIGATION
Endoscopy. Compulsory for pts>55yo w/ chronic dyspepsia to r/o Ca
142
Peptic Ulcer Dx TREATMENT
1.  PPI IV 2.  Injection of adrenaline
143
Gastric Outlet Obstruction CLINICAL FEATURES
- Pt with vomiting>1hr after eating with undigested food with hx of chronic PUD
144
Gastric Cancer CLINICAL FEATURES
- MCC: H Pylori infection - Asymptomatic, later dysphagia, epigastric mass, Virchow's node (left supraclavicular node), hard irregular hepatomegaly, anaemia
145
Gastric Cancer BEST INVESTIGATION
Endoscopy+Biopsy
146
IBS CLINICAL FEATURES
Abd pain assoc w/ change in bowel habit.
147
IBS FIRST INVESTIGATION
Stool examination w/ fecal calprotectin
148
IBS TREATMENT
1.  LSM 2.  High fibre diet 3.  Loperamide, TCAs, SSRIs
149
Meckel Diverticulum CLINICAL FEATURES
- Lower GI bleeding, abd pain
150
Meckel Diverticulum FIRST INVESTIGATION
1. Endoscopy
151
Meckel Diverticulum BEST INVESTIGATION
1. CT
152
Celiac Dx CLINICAL FEATURES
- Assoc w/ dermatitis herpetiformis, thyroid dx, DM 1, IgA deficiency, primary biliary cirrhosis, lymphoma of small bowel - Lethargy, diarrhoea, abd pain, bloating, indigestion, bleeding (Vit K def), steatorrhea - Skinny arms with flat bum and big belly. Symptoms started by 4-5m when started Cerelac
153
Celiac Dx FIRST INVESTIGATION
- IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase and anti-deamidated gliadin antibody. - If pt is already on gluten free diet, give gluten for 4-6w and repeat test
154
Celiac Dx BEST INVESTIGATION
Duodenal biopsy with villous atrophy and intra epithelial lymphocytosis
155
Celiac Dx TREATMENT
Avoid BROW (Barley, Rye, Oats, Wheat)
156
Obscure GI Bleeding CLINICAL FEATURES
Blood persists besides upper and lower endoscopy & Radiologic Ix
157
Obscure GI Bleeding FIRST INVESTIGATION
-  Active: Haem Stable: CT angio Haem Unstable: Interventional Angiography -  Inactive (Occult) Capsule Endoscopy
158
Carcinoid Tumour CLINICAL FEATURES
Facial flushing, diarrhoea, wheezing, right valvular heart dx
159
Carcinoid Tumour BEST INVESTIGATION
24hr 5-hydroxyl indole acetic acid, plasma chromogranin A
160
Carcinoid Tumour TREATMENT
-  Octreotide to block serotonin production -  Interferon alpha to reduce growth - Artery embolization to cut blood supply
161
CRC CLINICAL FEATURES
- Right: 1. Anaemia (Weakness, fatigue). 2nd Palpable mass. - Left: Pain, LB obstruction, altered bowel habits - Sigmoid Ca: Apple core deformity, napkin ring - Rectal Ca: Rectal bleeding, mass in DRE, tenesmus
162
CRC FIRST INVESTIGATION
For screening see Page 9 of Bleeding. - Tumour marker CEA
163
CRC BEST INVESTIGATION
1. Colonoscopy
164
CRC TREATMENT
Surgery (Terminal-terminal anastomoses). If lymphoid Pos -> Chemo, If lymphoid Neg -> Surveillance (Colonoscopies at 1, 3, 5 years +CEA). - MC comp post-Qx->Faecal incontinence
165
Adenomatous Polyps Adenomas CLINICAL FEATURES
Familial Adenomatous Polyposis 100% risk of Cancer
166
Adenomatous Polyps Adenomas FIRST INVESTIGATION
1. FOBT
167
Adenomatous Polyps Adenomas BEST INVESTIGATION
1. Colonoscopy
168
Adenomatous Polyps Adenomas TREATMENT
Screening w/ Colonoscopy: - 1-2 polyps & nothing else: 5y -3-4, high grade dysplasia, villous: 3y -5-9: Every year ->10: 6 months
169
HNPCC-Lynch Syndrome CLINICAL FEATURES
AD. Most common hereditary form of Colon Ca. They can also have ovarian, renal, etc.
170
HNPCC-Lynch Syndrome TREATMENT
Genetic testing
171
Peutz Jeghers sx CLINICAL FEATURES
Benign polyps (Hamartomas) that can become malignant, freckles on lips, inside mouth, palms, soles. -  Assoc w/ ovarian Ca. -  MC site of Ca: Duodenal Ca. -  Common comp: Intussusception at any age.

AMC Flashcards (39 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions