Dermatology Flashcards
Rosacea
Papules, pustules and telangiectasia on an erythematous background
Cheeks, forehead and chin
Erysipelas
Indurated skin infection with a well-defined raised edge
Painful
Erythematous
Seborrhoeic dermatitis
Red and scaly rash involving
Eyebrows
Eyelids
Nasolabial folds
Chloasma / Melasma
Increased browning pigmentation, usually confined to symmetrical areas of the cheeks.
Common in pregnancy
Can be caused by drugs:
*COCP
*Hydroxychloroquine
*Diphenylhydrazine
Malar flush
Mitral stenosis
Pulmonary stenosis
Rosacea
SLE
Mesenteric adenitis
Spider naevi
Pregnancy
Liver disease
Vitamin B deficiency in normal people
Erysipelas vs cellulitis
Erysipelas usually involves the superficial subcutaneous tissue, as a result the skin is hard, red and shiny. It’s usually caused by group A
Cellulitis usually involves the deep tissue resulting in tenderness and swelling. Usually caused by group or Streptococcus pyogenes.
Merkel-cell carcinoma definition
aggressive cutaneous
neuroendocrine tumour that is associated with polyomavirus infection,
immunosuppression, advanced age, and sun exposure
Features of Merkel-cell carcinoma
Asymptomatic or non-tender
Expanding rapidly
Immune suppressed
Older than 50
UV-exposed fair skin
Pyogenic granuloma
Appears as a painless red, brownish-red or blue-black spot. It grows rapidly over a period of a few days to weeks to a final size of 1–2
cm (rarely up to 5 cm). It typically bleeds easily and may ulcerate to form a crusted
sore
Melanoma excision protocol
For melanoma in situ, a 5 mm clear margin is desirable.
For melanoma less than 1 mm thickness , a 1 cm clear margin is desirable.
For melanomas 2-4 mm thickness, a 1-2 cm clear margin is desirable.
For melanomas more than 4 mm thickness, a clear margin of 2 cm is required.
highest risk for developing malignant melanoma
Multiple dysplastic nevus
highest risk of developing squamous cell carcinoma
-Age over 40
-History of non-melanoma skin cancers
-Tendency to burn rather than tan when exposed to the sun
Fair complexion is a risk factor for developing squamous cell carcinoma of the skin however it is not useful in assessing the severity of the risk factors contributing to
the disease
Urticaria (hives) characterized by
pruritic, oedematous papules, and plaques that vary in size and come and go, often within hours. Folliculitis caused
by Pseudomonas aeruginosa can cause a rash, often after exposure to hot tubs
Treatment of urticaria
Oral promethazine