Dermatology by Dr Cintia Flashcards
Precancerous skin lesions
Melanoma INVESTIGATION BEST
Surveillance:
- First 2 years: e/3m
- Next 2 years: e/6m
- After: e/1y
- 1st Deg Rel: Skin check
e/1y
Melanoma TREATMENT
Excision margin:
- In situ: 0.5cm
- <1mm: 1cm
- 1-4mm: 1-2cm
>4mm: 2cm
If eye: Refer to plastic surgery
NODULAR MELANOMA
ACRAL LENTIGINOUS MELANOMA
LENTIGO MELANOMA
DESMOPLASTIC MELANOMA
Squamous Cell
Carcinoma TREATMENT
Surgery with 3-5mm margin
BOWEN DISEASE BEST INVESTIGATION
Shave or Punch Biopsy
BOWEN DISEASE TREATMENT
Fluorouracil, Imiquimod
KERATOACANTHOMA
Basal Cell Carcinoma BEST INVESTIGATION
Biopsy
Basal Cell Carcinoma TREATMENT
Mohs Surgery with 3-4mm excision
Gas gangrene (Clostridial myonecrosis)
Shingles
Molluscus contagiosum TREATMENT
No tx needed.
Resolvesin 3-6m
No school exclusion necessary
Avoid sharing towels/baths
Impetigo TREATMENT
- Topical mupirocin 2% OR
- cefalexin if widespread or large areas.
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
Dermatophyte infections
Tinea CLINICAL FEATURES
Ringworm
Tinea TREATMENT
- Oral Griseofulvin/Terbinafine
Scabies CLINICAL FEATURES
Common in nursing homes
Scabies TREATMENT
1.Permethrin.
Lice
Cutaneous larva migran
PAPULAR URTICARIA
CERCARIAL DERMATITIS Erythrasma
Dermatitis CLINICAL FEATURES
Itchy, rash
Dermatitis TREATMENT
- Topical steroids & Moisturiser
Dermatitis Herpetiformes CLINICAL FEATURES
Assoc w/ Celiac Dx in elbows, knees, lumbosacral area
Dermatitis Herpetiformes BEST INVESTIGATION
Skin biopsy
Dermatitis Herpetiformes TREATMENT
- Dapsone.
- Gluten free diet
Atopic Dermatitis CLINICAL FEATURES
Kids in face, cubital, popliteal
Atopic Dermatitis TREATMENT
- Topical Steroids & Moisturiser
- Severe: Immunosuppressants - Infected: Swab then mupirocin/Dicloxacillin
Contact Dermatitis
Seborrheic Dermatitis CLINICAL FEATURES
Dandruff
Seborrheic Dermatitis
- Dandruff Shampoo
- Ketoconazole
Stasis Dermatitis
Discoid Dermatitis
ASTEATOTIC DERMATITIS
GENITAL DERMATITIS
Wound treatment
Wound Healing
SUNBURN
Solar keratose
SEBORRHOEIC KERATOSES
LENTIGINES
MELANOCYTIC NAEVI DYSPLASTIC
NAEVI TREATMENT
Surgery with 2mm margin
Acneiform Eruptions
Acne vulgaris
Rosacea
Lichen planus
Pityriasis rosea
Psoriasis CLINICAL FEATURES
Cause: Autoimmune, lithium, ACE inhs
Psoriasis TREATMENT
- Tar
- Steroids
- Calcipotriol
FLUSHING-BLUSHING
Autoimmune blistering diseases
Porphyrias
Ichthyosis
Vitiligo
Neurocutaneous syndromes
Pityriasis alba
ALERGIC REACTIONS MULTI-SYSTEMIC CLINICAL FEATURES
ACUTE ANAPHTLAXIS - ANAPHYLACTIC REACTION
ALERGIC REACTIONS LOCALISED CLINICAL FEATURES
ANGIOEDEMA - URTICARIA
exanthematic
DRAFT: morbilliform; most common
urticarial phototoxic eruption lichenoid
cutaneous vasculitis fixed drug eruption
Stevens-Johnson syndrome toxic
epidermal necrolysis (TEN)
drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) acute
generalised exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP)
Androgenetic Alopecia TREATMENT
- Topical steroids for 12w
- Intradermal Steroid (Triamcinolone)
- Minoxidil
Hirsutism CLINICAL FEATURES
Cause: Valproate, phenytoin, minoxidil, steroids, danazol
Hirsutism TREATMENT
- Shave
- Laser
- Spironolactone
NAILS DISORDERS
ONYCHOMYCOSIS
INGROWN TOENAILS
PARONYCHIA
ONYCHOLYSIS
Brittle nails
Koilonychia
Aphthous stomatitis
Photodermatoses
Erythema nodosum
Erythema multiforme
Erysipelas CLINICAL FEATURES
Upper dermis and lymphatics, non-purulent
Cellulitis CLINICAL FEATURES
Deeper dermis, SC fat, purulent/non purulent
Cellulitis TREATMENT
IV Flucloxacillin
Hemangiomas TREATMENT
-If in eyes, nose, ears, trachea->Laser Qx or refer
-Other parts: Observe/Reassure (self-resolve by 7yo.
-Propranolol can be used
Acne CLINICAL FEATURES
- Non-inflamm: Comedones
- Inflamm: Pustules/Papules
- Severe: Scarring
Acne TREATMENT
-Mild: Benzoyl peroxide + Topical retinoin
-Mod: Non inflamm (Benzoyl peroxide + Retinoin. Inflamm (Benzoyl peroxide+Doxicycline, if pregnant Erythromycin)
-Severe: Isoretinoin (Oral). In females add OCPs
Allergies CLINICAL FEATURES
Just local symptoms
Allergies TREATMENT
- Strop triggers
- Emollients
- Oral promethazine
- Steroids
Anaphylaxis CLINICAL FEATURES
Respiratory problems
Anaphylaxis TREATMENT
- Adrenaline IM: (All 1:1000)
- <6m: 0.10 mg
- 6m-6y: 0.15mg
- 6-12y: 0.3mg
- >12y: 0.5mg
Vitamin D deficiency CLINICAL FEATURES
Children: Rickets (Bowlegs, rachitic rosary, soft skull).
Adults: HypoCa (Tetany, prox myopathy, frontal bossing)
DERMATOLOGY CLINICAL FEATURES
Night blindness, scaly skin, bitot spots (foamy appearance on conjunctiva), corneal degeneration
Vitamin B3 deficiency CLINICAL FEATURES
3 Ds (Dermatitis, Diarrhoea, Dementia).
Vitamin B3 deficiency TREATMENT
Resolves in 3-6m
No school exclusion necessary
Avoid sharing towels/baths
Alopecia - SCARRING
Alopecia - TELOGEN EFFLUVIUM ANAGEN EFFLUVIUM
Alopecia - TRICHOTILLOMANIA HIRSUTIES-