gastroenteritis

Question 1

viral causes

Answer 1

rotavirus
norovirus
adenovirus

viral gastroenteritis is the most common

Question 2

E. coli gastroenteritis: spread

Answer 2

contact with infected faees, unwashed salads, water

Question 3

E. coli gastroenteritis: shiga toxin

Answer 3

e.coli 0157 produces shiga toxin

it destroys blood cells and leads to HUS

Question 4

E. coli gastroenteritis: features

Answer 4

abdo cramps
bloody diarrhoea
vomiting

Question 5

E. coli gastroenteritis: maangement

Answer 5

avoid antib –> inc risk of HUS

Question 6

most common cause bacterial gastroenteritis

Answer 6

campylobacter jejuni

Question 7

campylobacter jejuni

Answer 7

common cause travellers diarrhoea

gram - bacteria which is curved/spiral shaped

Question 8

campylobacter jejuni : spread

Answer 8

improperly cooked meat
untreated water
unpasteurised milk

Question 9

campylobacter jejuni : incubation

Answer 9

2-5 days

Question 10

campylobacter jejuni : symptoms resovle

Answer 10

3-6 days

Question 11

campylobacter jejuni : features

Answer 11

abdo cramps
bloody diarrhoea
vomit
fever

Question 12

campylobacter jejuni : Mx

Answer 12

antib can be consider after isolating organism if

• severe symptoms
• other risk facors e..g HIV, HF

azithromycin, ciprofloxacin

Question 13

shigella: spread

Answer 13

faeces contaminating drinking water, swimming pools and food

Question 14

shigella: incubation

Answer 14

1-2 days

Question 15

shigella: symptoms resolve

Answer 15

within a week w/o treatment

Question 16

shigella: features

Answer 16

bloody diarrhoea
abdo cramps
fever

Question 17

shigella: can produce..

Answer 17

shiga toxin –> HUS

Question 18

salmonella: spread

Answer 18

eating raw eggs or meat

eating food contaminated with infected faeces

Question 19

salmonella: incubation

Answer 19

12hrs-3days

Question 20

salmonella: symptoms resolve

Answer 20

within a week

Question 21

salmonella: symptoms

Answer 21

watery diarrhoea, can have mucus or blood
abdo pain
vomit

Question 22

Bacillus Cereus

Answer 22

gram +ve rod

spread through inadequately cooked food
grows well on food not immediately refridgerated after cooking

Question 23

Bacillus Cereus: typical food

Answer 23

fried rice left out at room temp

Question 24

Bacillus Cereus: what happens

Answer 24

produces toxin - cerulide

abdo cramps and vomit within 5hrs ingestion
watery diarrhoea >8hrs after ingestion

symptoms resolve within 24hrs

Question 25

Bacillus Cereus: typical course

Answer 25

vomit within 5hrs, diarrhoea after 8hrs

resolution within 24hrs

Question 26

Giardiasis

Answer 26

parasite

releases cysts in stools which them contaminate food/water and eaten by new host

–> faecal-oral route

Question 27

giardiasis Mx

Answer 27

metronidazole