Gastro Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

What might be the Ca findings in acute pancreatitis?

A

Hypercalcaemia - can be the cause of the pancreatitis

Hypocalcaemia - can be a complication of acute pancreatitis (particularly if severe)

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1
Q

Upper RQ Pain + Fever + Obstructive jaundice = ???

A

Cholangitis

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2
Q

How are LFTs with pancreatitis?

A

Deranged with obstructive picture

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2
Q

What is Whipple’s procedure?

A

A procedure to remove pancreatic cancer

  • Involves removal of part of the pancreas and duodenum
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3
Q

How do you calculate the anion gap?

A

(Na + K) - (Bicarb + Cl)

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4
Q

What system is used to assess pancreatitis severity?

A

RANSON

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4
Q

How must you treat cholangitis?

A

Resuscitation

Broad spectrum antibiotics

ERCP/Sphinterotomy

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5
Q

What can you do if a gall bladder isn’t seen on first US?

A

Have them fast for 18hours so the gall bladder fills more and stones are easier to see

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7
Q

What is the pattern of pain in pancreatitis?

A

Suddeon onset epigastric

Radiating straight through to back

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8
Q

How do you management pancreatitis?

A

Supportive therapy

Antibiotics (though no proven benefit)

ERCP and sphincterotomy

Parenteral nutrition

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10
Q

How does the pain from biliary colic usually present?

A

RUQ or epigastric

Sometime radiating around the R to the back

Episodic, lasting 15 minutes

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11
Q

What is the pathophysiology of biliary colic?

A

Stones form in the gall bladder where bile is stationary >

CCK released in response to fatty meal causes gall bladder contraction >

Stone blocks cystic duct >

Contraction against the blockage causes pain

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12
Q

Why might someone with pancreatitis have reduced breath sounds at the lung bases?

A

Pleural efffusions

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13
Q

What is a classic sign of pancreatitis?

A

Patient lies very still as movement of the lumbar spine will directly irritate the pancreas

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15
Q

How are the LFTs in biliary colic?

A

Normal

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16
Q

What might be found on US of abdo in cholangitis?

A

Stone in gall bladder

Dilated common bile duct

Stone in common bile duct (50% not found)

17
Q

What is the palliative treatment for pancreatic cancer?

A

Stenting of common bile duct to relieve obstruction

  • Metal (non-metastatic)
  • Plastic (metastatic)