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Gastroenterology > Gastro > Flashcards

Gastro Flashcards

1
Q

Mode of inheritance of Haemochromatosis?

A

Autosomal recessive.( He-man in his small cart)

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2
Q

K/c/o - peptic ulcer - hematemesis,melena - bp is unstable,repeat endoscopy shows persistent bleeding. Mx?

A

Surgical intervention.

It’s a non variceal bled with persistent bleeding and unstable vitals.

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3
Q

Patient on Dabigatran- develops melena.
RX?

A

Idarizumab.

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4
Q

Secretin- Location & function?

A

S cells in pancreas.
Function-Increase in bicarbonate rich fluid from pancreas.

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5
Q

Gastrin - Location & function

A

G cells in stomach.

Increases HCL production from gastric parietal cells- increases GI motility.

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6
Q

somato(do)statin

A

D cells from pancreas.

Reduces secretion from pancreas.

Reduces secretion of Serotonin

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7
Q

C.Diff risk factor ?

A

PPIs
Clindamycin.

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8
Q

C.Diff Management.

A
  1. Oral vancomycin
  2. Oral Fidaxomycin.
  3. Oral vancomycin+ IV metronidazole

Bezlotoxumab(Monoclonal antibody)
Targets C.diff toxin

Life threatening- 3rd option.

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9
Q

C.diff 2nd line?

A

oral fidaxomycin.

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10
Q

C.diff monoclonal antibody ?

A

Bezlotoxumab.

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11
Q

C.diff 3rd line

A

Oral vancomycin + IV metronidazole .

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12
Q

72 year old admitted for diarrahoea.on antibiotics. now - multiple white plaque.

A

Pseudomebranous colitis.

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13
Q

SAAG > 11g/L indicates

A

Portal Hypertension.

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14
Q

SAAG > 11g/L causes :-

A

liver : Cirrhosis,ALD

Cardiac: Rt heart Failure, constrictive pericaditis.

Other- Budd chiari , hepatic vein thrombosis.

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15
Q

Bud chiari leads to SAAG > or < 11

A

SAAG > 11.

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16
Q

Cancer ass with HNPCC

A

colorectal cancer( coal grill)

Endometrial cancer( endometrium shaped water bag on hen)

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17
Q

In HNPCC(Lynch Syndrome), mutation in which gene?

A

MSH2 gene.

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18
Q

H/o of copd
+ on salbutamol/beclomethason
+ odynophagia

A

Oesophageal Candidiasis

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19
Q

K/c/o cirrhosis- ascites+abd pain+ fever + neutrophil count >250 cells/ul. Dx-

A

spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.

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20
Q

spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.

A

K/c/o cirrhosis- ascites+abd pain+ fever + neutrophil count >250 cells/ul. Dx-

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21
Q

In spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, most common organism:-

A

Ecoli.

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22
Q

Rex of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.

A

IV Cefotaxime.

Prophylaxis- oral ciprofloxacin or
Oral Norfloxacin.

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23
Q

Strongest ass with H.pylori:

A

duodenal ulceration.

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24
Q

H Pylori eradication therapy :

A

CLAMP down on H pylori :

Clarithromycin, Amoxicillin/Metronidazole , + PPI.

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25
Q

Autoimmune hepatitis is ass with which immunoglobulins ?

A

IgG.

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26
Q

Young Female+ other autoimmune diseases+ Amenorhea + Deranged LFTs+ Raised IgG

A

Autoimmune hepatitis.

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27
Q

Bariatric surgery which leads to max malabsorption :

A

Biliopancreatic division with duodenal switch.

Duodenum: absorption of iron and calcium.

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28
Q

Alcoholic liver failure , which clotting factor is increased?

A

factor 8.

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29
Q

Young female+ weight loss + diarrhoea + pigment laden macrophages + dark brown discoloration in in proximal colon.

A

Laxative abuse

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30
Q

Laxative abuse microscopic feature

A

pigment laden macrophages.

Colonoscopy- Dark brown discolouration of proximal colon.

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31
Q

Wilson disease Rx:

A

pencillamine,.

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32
Q

Investigation in Wilson’s

A

Reduced Ceruloplasmin.

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33
Q

Flushing + Diarrhoea + abd cramp + bronchospasm

A

Carcinoid Syndrome.

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34
Q

Carcinoid Syndrome Investigation:

A

urinary 5HIAA

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35
Q

Carcinoid Syndrome Management :

A

Somatostatin Analogue.(Octreotide)

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36
Q

C.diff transmission

A

Faeco Oral route via ingestion of spores.

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37
Q

Charcoat’s triad and where it is seen ?

A

Fever, RUQ pain, Jaundice.

Seen in Ascending chloangitis

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38
Q

First line Investigation in suspected Ascending Cholangitis:

A

Ultrasound.

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39
Q

Gastric bypass leads to what deficiency ?

A

Iron.

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40
Q

what gets absorbed in duodenum ?

A

Iron and calcium

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41
Q

What not to eat in IBS ?

A

Insoluble Fibres such as bran.
Whole meal Bread.

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42
Q

K/c/o of HIV/ulcerative colitis - RUQ pain+ deranged LFTs +cholestasis ( Jaundice,pruritis,Raised Bilirubin)+

A

Sclerosing Cholangitis.

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43
Q

Ass of scleroing Cholangitis

A

HIV, Ulcerative colitis(most common:

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44
Q

investigation of choice in Sclerosing Cholangitis

A

ERCP,MRCP

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45
Q

Which one of the following drugs used in the management of diabetes mellitus is most likely to cause cholestasis?

A

Sulphonylureas(Gliclazide)

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46
Q

H/o crohns/cholecystectomy/ileocaecal resection - watery diarrhoea.

A

Bile acid malabsorption

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47
Q

Bile acid malabsorption. Ix?

A

SeHCAT

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48
Q

Bile acid Malabsorption.Mx

A

Cholestyramine.

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49
Q

Sulphasalazine(Mesalazine) side effects :-

A

infertility
In men.

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50
Q

Whiples jejunal biopsy :

A

deposition of macrophages containing PAS positive granules.

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51
Q

Diarrhoea+Steatorhea +Jt pain + Photosensitive Rash + HLA b27

A

Whipples.

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52
Q

Pancreatic Cancer Investigation of choice :

A

CT scan of Panceas

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53
Q

Elderly + 3month H/o diarrhoea+ Wt loss
+steatorhea+ painless Lump in RUQ + painless jaundice + new onset Diabetes.( Raised glucose level)

A

Pancreatic Cancer.

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54
Q

CT scan of pancreatic cancer

A

Doubel Duct sign

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55
Q

Refeeding syndrome leads to

A

Hypophosphataemia - causes muscle weakness.

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56
Q

Most common cause of hepatocellular cancer

A

hepatits c

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57
Q

Tool used to screen malnutrition

A

MUST score.

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58
Q

Mx of PBC

A

ursodeoxycholic acid

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59
Q

Gastrinoma arises from :

A

G cells in gastric parietal cells- produces acid HCL- which increases gastric motility.

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60
Q

H/o Blood transfusion+ new onset Diabetes+bronze skin + anaemia

A

Secondary Haemochromatosis.

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61
Q

H/o Asthma/Allergies + Dysphagia to solids+ Heart Burn + Lack of response to PPI+ scope= Increase in Oesonophils/ Thick mucosa.

A

Eosinophilia Oesophagitis.

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62
Q

Eosinophilic oesophagitis Rx?

A

Rx- 1st line= Dietery Modification
2nd line= dietery modification + Fluticasone.

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63
Q

H/o non bloody/watery diarrhoea + since weeks/months .
H/o PPI/Smoking + mildly elevated ESR & Fecal calprotectin.

A

Microscopic Colitis.

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64
Q

Microscopic Colitis Infestation of choice=.

A

Colonscopy and biopsy.

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65
Q

Microscopic Colitis. Risk Factors?

A

PPI & Smoking.

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66
Q

Microscopic Colitis.What is elevated ?

A

Mildly elevated ESR & Fecal Calprotectin.

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67
Q

Which gene defect in Haemochromatosis ?

A

HFE

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68
Q

Fatigue+ Erectile Dysfunction+New onset Diabetes+Bronze skin+ Hepatomegaly+ Raised JVP(Cardiomyopathy0

A

Haemochromatosis.

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69
Q

Most sensitive and specific marker in pancreatitis ?

A

serum lipase.

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70
Q

Serum Amylase in pancreatitis diagnostic or prognostic ?

A

Diagnostic.

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71
Q

Most likely spot afffected in Ischaemic Colitis?

A

Splenic flexure.

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72
Q

X-ray sign in Ischaemic Colitis

A

Thumbprinting Sign

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73
Q

Appropriate Investigation for Hpylori:

A

Carbon 13 urea breath test.

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74
Q

MEN 1

A

Hyperparathyroidism + pancreas-gastrinoma- duodenal ulceration +

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75
Q

Epigastric pain + Diarrhoea + Duodenal ulceration + Hyperparathyroidism

A

Dx- MEN 1

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76
Q

SBOS Ix?

A

Hydrogen Breath test.

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77
Q

Imp intervention to reduces episodes of crohns ?

A

Stop smoking

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78
Q

Majority of gastrinomas are found in ?

A

First part of Duodenum.

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79
Q

what is elevated in Gilberts?

A

isolated rise in bilirubin.

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80
Q

Barrets microscopy ?

A

squamous coverts to coloumnar.
(Coloums are coming)

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81
Q

Barrets Rx?

A

High dose PPI and Follow Up.

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82
Q

Screening test for Haemochromatosis ?

A

Transferrin Saturation.

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83
Q

Variceal bleeding. Resuscitation done. What to give in meantime ?

A

Terlipresin.

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84
Q

Stimulation test in Zollinger Elision Syndrome ?

A

Secretin

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85
Q

K/c/o colorectal cancer. Mets in liver. Rx?

A

Metastatic lesion Resection.

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86
Q

Clinical features of PBC. First line Ix?

A

Biliary USG

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87
Q

characteristic antibody positive in PBC ?

A

Anti Mitochondrial Antibdies.

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88
Q

Organism Positive in Whipples ?

A

Tropheryma Whippeli.

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89
Q

Diarrhoea + weight loss+ Jt pain + Blurry Vision

A

Whipples disease.

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90
Q

CCK

A

I cells from Upper Small Intestine.

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91
Q

CCK function:

A

Hunger suppression.

Released in response to fatty meal—causes Biliary contraction.

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92
Q

Diarrhoe
+ Mucus like stools + Hypokalemia.

A

Villous Adenoma.

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93
Q

Villous Adenoma.

A

Diarrhoe
+ Mucus like stools + Hypokalemia.

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94
Q

Budd chiari is Hepatic ——-

A

Hepatic vein thrombosis.

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95
Q

GI bleed + Aortic Stenosis ( Ejection Systolic Murmur )

A

Angiodysplasia.

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96
Q

Angiodysplasia.

A

GI bleed + Aortic Stenosis ( Ejection Systolic Murmur )

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97
Q

Bicarbonate rich Fluid is released by ?

A

secretin.

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98
Q

High Urea indicates

A

Upper GI bleed

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99
Q

Upper GI bleed Ix?

A

Upper GI endoscopy.

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100
Q

Ruptured Hyadatid cyst , Rx?

A

Surgery.

101
Q

Strongest RF for anal cancer ?

A

HPV

102
Q

Inflammation confined to mucosa and submucosa. feature of Crohns or Ulcerative colitis ?

A

Ulcerative colitis.

103
Q

Triad of bud chiari

A

Abd pain+ Ascites+ Tender /non tender Hepatomegaly.

104
Q

Bud chiari common association:

A

Polycythemia Rudra Vera.

105
Q

Bud chiari Ix?

A

Abd USG.

106
Q

SBOS Rx?

A

Rifaximin

107
Q

Travel to Mediterranean + Abd pain/tenderness in RUQ + Ascites + Jaundice + USG scan - cystic lesion with Multiple cysts in liver.
Dx and Rx?

A

Dx= Hyadatid Cyst.
Rx= Surgery.

108
Q

Which epileptic drug causes pancreatitis ?

A

Sodium valproate.

109
Q

Poor prognosis for cirrhosis ?

A

Ascites.

110
Q

Alcohol Induced Hepatitis Rx

A

Prednisolone.

111
Q

Reefeeding syndrome can lead which arrhythmia ?

A

Torsades Pointes secondary to hypomagnesemia.

112
Q

what to avoid In IBS ?

A

Lactulose.

113
Q

Prophylaxis for variceal bleeding ?

A

Propranolol.

114
Q

What is not a feature of achlasia ?

A

weight loss

115
Q

Hyperchyloicronaemia leads to ?

A

Acute Pancreatitis.

116
Q

Which laxative is carcinogenic ?

A

co danthamer.

117
Q

What type of cells in gastric adenocarcinoma ?

A

Signet Ring cells.

118
Q

Perianal itching in children at night , affecting other family members . Causative organism ?

A

Enterobius Vermicularis.

119
Q

Which HLA in coeliacs ?

A

HLA DQ2

120
Q

Coeliacs microscopy ?

A

Villous atrophy in intestinal mucosa

121
Q

In mid flare of Distal Ulcerative Colitis, Rx ?

A

Topical/RectalAminosalicylate.

122
Q

Pathophysiology of hepatorenal syndrome?

A

Splanchnic Vasodilation.

123
Q

K/C/o ALD, now raised urea/creat(kidney)
Dx?

A

Hepatorenal Syndrome.

124
Q

H/O dysphagia+ difficulty passing through lower oesophageal sphincter. Dx?

A

Achlasia

125
Q

Achlasia. Ix?

A

oesophageal manometry.

126
Q

3rd trimester + pruritis + Chloestatic picture ( high ALP, GGT) + High Bilirubin. Dx

A

Intrahepatic Cholstasis of pregnancy.

127
Q

3rd trimester + abdomen pain + nausea+ vomitting+ Headchae + Jaundice + High ALT

A

Acute Fatty liver of pregnancy.

128
Q

Angiodysplasia , Ix to make Dx?

A

Colonoscopy.

129
Q

What is measured to monitor Rx in Haemochromatosis ?

A

Transferrin Saturtoin + Serum Ferittin.

130
Q

Diarrhoea + Rectal Bleed + Brown pigmentation on lips and palms. Dx

A

Peutz Jeghers Syndrome.

131
Q

Rx of flare of Ulcerative colitis ?

A

Iv steroids.

132
Q

C.diff infection—Got treated—recurrent episode within 12 weeks. Rx?

A

Oral Fidaxomicin..

133
Q

Sudden onset cramping abd pain+ H/o Dm+smoking

A

Ischaemic colitis.

134
Q

IBS patient, on Laxative, Anti spasmodic, Laxative. No improvement in 6 months. Next Rx?

A

Tricyclic Antidepressants.

135
Q

Mx of IBS:

A

1st: Anti Spasmodic, Laxativs.

2nd: Tricyclic Antideressant

3rd: If no Improvement in 12 months -Hypnotherapy.

136
Q

Upper GI Bleed cause :

A

Duodenal ulcer perforation.

Malory weis tear.

Oesophagitis.

Angiodysplasia.

137
Q

Terlipressin MOA

A

Splanchnic Vasoconstriction.

138
Q

Prophylaxis of Hepatic Encephalopathy:

A

Rifaxmin + Lactulose.

139
Q

most appropriate infection control plan, for C.diff?

A

Side Room + hand washing + disposable gloves/apron.

(No mask)

140
Q

Initial Investigaion for trauma in abdomen and thorax ?

A

FAST scan.

141
Q

inadequate response with her initial H. pylori eradication regime. Next step ?

A

Retest with C 13 urea breath test, before starting on 2nd line antibiotic.

142
Q

Which HLA in Coeliacs ?

A

HLA DQ2

143
Q

IBS symp + Wt loss + Anaemia + Decreased Ferittin level. Dx

A

Coeliacs.

144
Q

Coeliacs Ix?

A

1st - Tissue transglutaminase Antibody(IgA)

2nd. Endoscopic Intestinal Biopsy.(Jejunal biopsy )

145
Q

Which Ig in coealiacs ?

A

IgA.

146
Q

which vaccine in coeliacs?

A

Pneumococcal vaccine due to hyposplenism.

147
Q

Why pneumococcal vaccine in coeliacs?

A

D/t Hyposplenism.

148
Q

Ix which helps to stage the oesophageal cancer?

A

Endoscopic Ultrasound.

149
Q

H/o Alcohol + severe abd pain + Sudden deterioration of vision+ cotton wool spots. Dx

A

Panecreatitis

Complication - Purtscher Retinopathy.

150
Q

Ix to confirm Dx of Pancreatisis:

A

Serum Amylase.

151
Q

Variceal bleeding. ABC done—Terlipressin—next ?

A

Endoscopic Band Ligation.

152
Q

Barrets/GORD is a risk factor for which carcinoma ?

A

Adenocarcinoma

153
Q

Most imp ethology in crohns ?

A

Genetic component.

154
Q

Which facto suggest severe disease in pancreatitis ?

A

Hypocalcemia.

155
Q

Which symptom occur first in carcinoid ?

A

Facial Fluhing.

156
Q

What is high in alcoholic hepatitis. AST or ALT ?

A

AST&raquo_space; ALT

have a toAST with alcohol.

157
Q

Gold standard for GORD?

A

24 hr oesophageal PH monitoring.

158
Q

A nurse undergoes primary immunisation against hepatitis B. Levels of which one of the following should be checked four months later to ensure an adequate response to immunisation?

A

Anti HBs.

159
Q

Drug induced cholestasis ex?

A

OC pills.
Flucloxacin.
Co-amoiclav
Sulphonylureas- Gliclazide.
Oc pills.

160
Q

Plummer Vinson syndrome Triad ?

A

Angluar Stomatitis + Iron deficiency anaemia + Glossitis( Inflamed red tongue) + Dysphagia ( D/T Oesophageal webs)

161
Q

Angluar Stomatitis + Iron deficiency anaemia + Glossitis( Inflamed red tongue) + Dysphagia ( D/T Oesophageal webs)

A

Plummer Vinson Synfrome.

162
Q

Ix for Gilberts Syndrome ?

A

Nicotinic acid test.

163
Q

Liver plus Neuro

A

Wilsons.

164
Q

Chronic Pancratitis Ix of choice ?

A

CT abdomen.

165
Q

Indicator of Pancreatitis severity ?

A

Hypocalcemia.

166
Q

Obesity + Abnormal LFTs

A

NAFLD.

167
Q

H.pylori is protective against ?

A

GORD.

168
Q

Dyspepsia + Watery stools + Gastric erosions & Ulcers. Dx?

A

Zollinger Elission Syndrome.

169
Q

Zollinger Ellison Syndrome features?

A

Dyspepsia + Watery stools + Gastric erosions & Ulcers. Dx?

170
Q

Zollinger Elission Syndrome. Ix of choice ?

A

Fasting Gastrin.

Secretin Stimulation test.

171
Q

IOC in suspected Cholangitis ?

A

Ultrasound.

172
Q

Goblet cell depletion occurs in Crohns or UC ?

A

Ulcerative colitis.

173
Q

Angiodysplasia =

A

Upper GI bleed + Aortic Stenosis.

174
Q

Which score in acute appendicitis ?

A

Alvarado score.

175
Q

Underwent TIPS—now Hep Enchephalopathy. Rx ?

A

Phosphate Enema + Laxatives.

176
Q

Dubin Johnson, Conjugated or Unconjugated ?

A

Conjugated Bilirubinaemia.

177
Q

Reversible with Rx in Haemochromatosis?

A

Skin pigmentation & Cardiomyopathy.

177
Q

Pyogenic liver abscess. Rx?

A

Drainage and Antibiotics.

Antibiotics :- Ciprofloaxcin + Amoxillin + Metronidazole.

You need CAMera to see abscess.

178
Q

Test for H. Pylori post eradication therapy ?

A

Urea Breath Test.

179
Q

Prophylaxis for Spontaneous Bacterial peritonitis ?

A

Oral Ciprofloxacin or oral Norfloxacin.

180
Q

Ascites secondary to Liver cirrhosis. Rx?

A

Spironolactone.

181
Q

Chronic pancreatitis. Ix?

A

CT pancreas.

182
Q

Drug causing hepatitis picture ( ALT»»>

A

Sodium Valproate.

183
Q

Obesity cut off for surgery in risk and no risk patients ?

A

Risk : 35
No Risk : 40

184
Q

2 or more exacerbation of UC in past year .Rx ?

A

Oral Azathioprine.

185
Q

Blood group O ass with which cancer?

A

Duodenal cancer.

186
Q

Blood group A ass with which cancer ?

A

Gastric Cancer.

187
Q

Chronic Anal fissure duration ?

A

> 7 weeks.

188
Q

Acute Anal Fissure Duration ?

A

< 7 weeks.

189
Q

Chronic anal fissure Rx?

A

Glyceryl Trinitrate.

190
Q

Acute Anal Fissure Rx?

A

Stool softener.
Dietary advice.
Anaesthetics
Analgesia.

191
Q

Dysphagia to both solid and liquid from the beginning + CXR- air fluid level behind normal sized heart. Dx?

A

Achlasia.

192
Q

Which antibiotics causes cholestasis ?

A

Co-amoxiclav(Amoxicillin(penicillin/Clavulanic acid)

Flucloxacillin(Penicillin)

Flouroquinolones.

193
Q

Vipoma arise from :

A

Pancreas.

194
Q

Rx for acute pancreatitis ?

A

IV fluids + Analgesia.

195
Q

Familial Adenomatous Polyposis. Rx?

A

Protocolectomy.

196
Q

A baby is born to a mother who is known to have chronic hepatitis B.

A

Hepatitis B vaccine + Hepatitis B immunoglobulin.

197
Q

Severe life threatening Flare of UC ?

A

IV Hydrocortisone.

198
Q

Biliary Colic by which cells ?

A

I cells from Duodenum.
Causes—contraction of Gall bladder—releases in response to fatty food.

199
Q

Prophylaxis of variceal bleeding ?

A

Propranolol.

200
Q

Antigen used to monitor colorectal cancer ?

A

Carcinoembryonic antigen.

201
Q

Sulfasalazine S/E:

A

Male infertility.
Agranulocytosis.
Diarrhoea.
Skin Rashes.

202
Q

Marker to assess severity of acute pancreatitis ?

A

CRP.

203
Q

Gene in Familial adenomatous polyposis

A

Adenomatous polyposis tumour suppressor gene.

204
Q

Posterior duodenal ulcer bleeds. It’s ass with which artery ?

A

Gastroduodenal Artery.

205
Q

Least useful in assessing severity of ascites ?

A

ALT.

206
Q

Lactose=

A

Glucose + Galactose

207
Q

Maltase

A

Glucose + Glucose.

208
Q

Sucrase

A

Glucose + Fructose.

209
Q

Type 1 hepatorenal is <

A

< 2 weeks.

210
Q

Diagnostic Ix for Pancreatic Cancer:

A

CT pancreas.( also for chronic pancreatitis, acute pancreatitis )

211
Q

Gastric MALT lymphoma Rx:

A

H. Pylori eradication.

212
Q

Test for exocrine function of chronic pancreatitis :

A

Fecal elastase.

213
Q

In a mild-moderate flare of ulcerative colitis extending past the left-sided colon:

A

Rectal aminosalicylates.
Oral aminosalicylates.

213
Q

Diarrhoea + White plaques.

A

Pseudomembranous colitis secondary to C. Difficile.

214
Q

Crypts Abscess is a feature of UC or Crohns ?

A

Ulcerative colitis.

215
Q

Pernicious anaemia is micro or macrocytic ?

A

Macrocytic ( >100)

215
Q

pernicious anaemia is D/t:

A

Antiboides against intrinsic factor.

216
Q

Is pellagara a feature of carcinoid syndrome ?

A

yes.

217
Q

Does H.pylori cause oesophageal cancer ?

A

No.

218
Q

Does ALD cause SAAG >11 ?

A

Yes. ALD—portal hypertension.

219
Q

H.pylori is protective against ?

A

Gord.
Barrets.

220
Q

Deranged LFTs+ Slow and stiff movements :

A

Wilsons.

221
Q

Mode of inheritance in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis ?

A

Autosomal Dominant.

222
Q

Can hepatitis B be transmitted via breastfeeding ?

A

No.
Safe to breastfeed if mother has hepatitis.

223
Q

What stimulats release of Gastrin from G cells ?

A

Luminal peptides.

224
Q

Which Food can a coeliac patient eat ?

A

Maize.

225
Q

In patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, recommended test to aid diagnosis of liver fibrosis

A

enhanced liver fibrosis (ELF) testing

226
Q

What cardiac abnormalities are associated with Carcinoid?

A

Pulmonary Stenosis & Tricupid insufficiency.

227
Q

What is the most appropriate course of action to avoid refeeding syndrome?

A

provide 50% of normal energy and protein requirements for the first 2 days.

228
Q

What breaks starch down to sugars?

A

Amylase.

229
Q

Which of the following should be assessed before commencing azathioprine in this patient?

A

Thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT)

230
Q

Urea breath test - no antibiotics in past ?

A

past 4 weeks

231
Q

Urea breath test - no antisecretory drugs (e.g. PPI) in past ?

A

past 2 weeks

232
Q

Which of the following anti-retroviral drugs is most characteristically associated with pancreatitis?

A

Didanosine.

233
Q

Angiodysplasia is associated with Murmur ?

A

ejection systolic murmur heard loudest on expiration

234
Q

useful test for diagnosing and monitoring the severity of liver cirrhosis

A

Transient elastography.

235
Q

recognised complication of acute pancreatitis

A

Acute respiratory distress syndrome

236
Q

chlorpromazine, prochlorperazine Causes Cholestasis ?

A

yes.

237
Q

flare of ulcerative colitis extending past the left-sided colon,

A

Topical ASA + Oral ASA.

238
Q

common complication of ERCP?

A

Acute pancreatitis is the most common complication of ERCP

239
Q

false negative serology test in diagnosis of coeliac disease?

A

Selective IgA deficiency.

240
Q

The majority of gastrinomas are found

A

first part of the duodenum

241
Q

MSH2 gene In Lynch syndrome function :

A

DNA mismatch repair

241
Q

Type 1 diabetes mellitus causes Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH

A

No

242
Q

most common site affected in Ulcerative Colitis ?

A

Rectum.

243
Q

The most common type of inherited colorectal cancer:

A

Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal carcinoma

244
Q

oesophageal cancer finding :

A

Oesophageal stricture with apple core defect.

245
Q

Primary sclerosing cholangitis is most associated with

A

Ulcerative colitis

Gastroenterology (4 decks)

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