Gases and Repitory disorders Flashcards
2 factors that determine transport and diffusion of gases
2 main factors determine this ability: surface area of the respiratory membrane and differences in concentration of the gases across the membrane.
As altitude increases, the ________ or _______ of air molecules decrease.
Concentration, Density
what is 1 pascal equal to
1 newton exerted on an area of one square metre
what is partial pressure
the total air pressure in a sum of the mixture of the component gases.
what is the partial pressure at sea level
the partial pressure of oxygen is 20.9% of the atmosphere, or 21.17kPa.
how is partial pressure writen
Px or PO2
(X and O2 are small and at the bottom)
where does oxygen move from and to
Oxygen moves from the air in the alveoli (13.3 kPa) to the bloodstream (5.33 kPa)
what is the liquid part of blood called
plasma
what gives blood red colour
An iron-containing protein in red blood cells that bind with molecules of oxygen to form oxyhemoglobin
how much oxygen is carried in blood
Blood without hemoglobin carries only about .3ml of oxygen per 100mL of blood. Blood with hemoglobin carries about 20ml of oxygen per 100mL of blood.
what is the by-product of cellular respiration
Carbon dioxide
what are the 3 ways carbon dioxide is transported
dissolved in plasma (7%), attached to hemoglobin to form carbaminohemoglobin (20%), and reacts with water in plasma to form carbonic acid (73%).
what happens to the hydrogen molecules in the lungs
In the lungs, the hydrogen ions separate from the hemoglobin and diffuse into the blood plasma. There they react with the bicarbonate ions and reform carbon dioxide and water.
what happens to the air as our altitude increases
the air pressure becomes weaker
what is erythropoietin (EPO)
hormone that stimulates the production of red blood cells. This increases the amount of oxygen that can be absorbed from the air and delivered to cells.
