Gamete production, Fertilisation, Hormonal control of reproduction

Question 1

Where do testes produce sperm

Answer 1

Seminiferous tubules

Question 2

Where do testes produces testosterone

Answer 2

Interstitial cells

Question 3

What do prostate gland and seminal vesicles do

Answer 3

Secrete fluids that maintain mobility and viability of sperm

Question 4

What do the ovaries contain

Answer 4

Immature ova in various stages of development

Question 5

What does the follicle do

Answer 5

It surrounds the ovum, protecting it and secretes hormones

Question 6

Where does fertilisation occur

Answer 6

Oviduct

Question 7

What triggers puberty

Answer 7

Hypothalamus is a released hormone that stimulates the pituitary gland

Question 8

What does the pituitary gland release

Answer 8

Follicle stimulating hormone
Luteinising hormone (F)
Interstitial cell stimulating hormone (M)

Question 9

What does FSH promote in males

Answer 9

Sperm production in the ST

Question 10

What does ICSH stimulate

Answer 10

Production of testosterone in the IC

Question 11

What does testosterone stimulate

Answer 11

Sperm production and activated the prostate gland and seminal vesicles

Question 12

What happens when testosterone reaches high concentrations

Answer 12

Inhibits the release of FSH and ICSH. The decreased secretion decreases test and sperm production. Known as negative feedback

Question 13

How long does the menstrual cycle take

Answer 13

28 days

Question 14

The two phases of the menstrual cycle

Answer 14

Follicular and lutéal phases

Question 15

What does FSH stimulate in females

Answer 15

The development of the follicle and the production of oestrogen.

Question 16

What does oestrogen stimulate

Answer 16

Proliferation of the endometrium preparing it for implantation. This affects the consistency of cervical mucus and makes it more easily penetrated by sperm.

Question 17

What does peak levels of oestrogen cause

Answer 17

A surge in the secretion of LH. This surge triggers ovulation.

Question 18

What is ovulation

Answer 18

The release of the ovum from the follicle

Question 19

What happens in the literal phase

Answer 19

The follicle develops into the corpus luteum

Question 20

What does the corpus luteum secrete

Answer 20

Progesterone

Question 21

What does progesterone promote

Answer 21

Further development and vascularisation of the endometrium, preparing it for implantation if fertilisation occurs.

Question 22

What does negative feedback in females consist of

Answer 22

Oestrogen and Progesterone inhibit the pituitary gland to cause decreased secretion of FSH and LH. This prevents further follicles from developing.

Question 23

What does the lack of LH lead to

Answer 23

Degeneration of the corpus luteum with a subsequent drop in progesterone levels

Question 24

How does menstruation occur

Answer 24

Without progesterone maintaining the endometrium, it degenerates and menstruation occurs

Question 25

What happens if fertilisation does occur

Answer 25

The corpus luteum does not degenerate and progesterone levels remain high, maintaining the endometrium