Controlling fertility Flashcards
What type of fertility to men show and explain what it means
Continuous - continually produce sperm in testes
What type of fertility do women show and what does it mean
Cyclical - have a fertile period of a few days during each menstrual cycle
How can you identify when a woman is fertile
Increase in about 0.5° of temperature
Cervical mucus becomes thin and watery
How can you stimulate ovulation
-Drugs that prevent negative feedback
-Drugs that mimic the action of FSH and LH
What do mimicking drugs often cause
Super ovulation - Can result in multiple births or be used to collect ova for IVF programmes
What is artificial insemination and when is it useful
- The insertion of semen into the females reproductive tract.
- When the male has a low sperm count
What happens if the male partner has a low sperm count (in terms of artificial insemination)
Several samples of semen are collected over a period time. A concentrated sample is then released into the female
What happens if the male partner is sterile (In terms of artificial insemination)
A donor may be used
What is Intra-Cytoplasmic sperm injection
The head of the sperm is drawn into a needle and injectked directly into the egg
When is ICSI used
When the sperm are defective or very low in number
When is IVF used
When there are blockages in the oviducts
Explain the basics of IVF
Fertilisation happens outside the body in a culture dish before an embryo is inserted into the uterus.
What is a PGD
Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis is used to identify single gene disorders and chromosomal abnormalities
What is in an oral contraceptive pill
Combination of oestrogen and progesterone to mimic negative feedback.
What is the mini pill
Progesterone only causes thickening of cervical mucus which reduces viability of some
