gallstones Flashcards
what are gallstones
small stoned that form within gallbladder
most are made of cholsesterol
cholestasis
blockage to flow of bile
cholelithiasis
gallstones present
choledocholithiasis
gallstones in bile duct
biliary colic
intermittent RUQ pain
cholecystitis
inflammation of gallbladder
cholangitis
inflammation of bile ducts
cholecystectomy
removal of gallbladder
cholecystostomy
inserting drain into gallbladder
risk facors
fat
fair
female
forty
presentation
asymptomatic biliary colic severe, colicky RUQ pain pain triggered by meals (esp high fat) N+V
how does fatty meals affect gallstones
fat entering GIT causes CCK secretion from duodenum
CCK triggers contraction of gallbladder which leads to biliary colic
pt w gallstones + biliary collic advised to avoid fatty meals
LFTs - bilirubin in obstructive picture
raised w dark urine and pale stools
LFTs; - alkaline phosphatase in obstructive picture
raised ALP in prescence of RUQ pain and/or jaundice is consistent w obstruction
LFTs - aminotransferase in obstructive picture
AST and ALT increase slightly, with higher rise in ALP