Gait cycle and locomotion

Question 1

Role of the ITB and tensor fascia lata in moving and resting?

Answer 1

locks the knee in hyperextension and support and stabilises the knee during extension

Question 2

role of the popliteus

what does it pull on in knee flexion

Answer 2

unlocks the knee
lateral rotation of the femur during stance and pulls on the lateral meniscus preventing it being crushed during knee flexion

Question 3

muscles used during the stance phase

Answer 3

gluteus maximus extends hip
hamstrings flex knee
gastro, soles and plantaris and tendon plantar flex

Question 4

muscles during the swing phase

Answer 4

flex hip by illipsoaas , RF,S,P

Question 5

eccentric

Answer 5

muscles are actively lengthened

Question 6

amortisation

Answer 6

stretched components of muscle/tendon store energy

Question 7

concentric

Answer 7

muscles are shortened and force is produced

Question 8

What gait
asymmetrical
leg in extension
flexion of hip to prevent foot drop and drag

Answer 8

hemiplegic gate

Question 9

causes of hemiplegic gait

Answer 9

stroke,
brain tumour
MS
prolapsed intervertebral disc

Question 10

what gait
bilateral
legs overlap
circumduction of both legs

Answer 10

Spastic ( Equinas) gait

Question 11

causes of spastic gait

Answer 11

cerebral palsy

Question 12

what gait
freeze and go 
short stepping and shuffling 
stooped posture and hypomimia 
reduction of gait speed 
hesitancy

Answer 12

parkinsonian gait

Question 13

Causes of a parkinsonian gait

what is the Parkinson’s triad

Answer 13

parsons triad ( tremor, rigidity and Brady kinesia) could be drug induced

Question 14

what gait
broad based
foot stamping
unilateral cerebellar lesion present

Answer 14

ataxic gait

Question 15

Causes of an ataxic gate

Answer 15

stroke , MS

Question 16

what gait
weakness of dorsiflex - nerves
high stepping gait

Answer 16

foot drop gait

Question 17

what gait
waddling
weak hip abductors so can’t stabilise the pelvis
body compensates by leg swing

Answer 17

Trendelenburg gait

Question 18

What causes a trendelenburg gait

Answer 18

hyper and hypoparathyroidism , Duchens muscular dystrophy

Question 19

Which muscle has been weakened in the Trendelenburg Gait?

Answer 19

gluteus medius

Question 20

you see a drop in the pelvis on the affected or unaffected side in a trendelenburg gait?

Answer 20

unaffected when lifting unaffected side leg

Question 21

one gait cycle

Answer 21

heel strike to heel strike.

Question 22

Normal gait is 60% stance and 40% swing. true or false

Answer 22

true

Question 23

when do you have no double support

Answer 23

during Heel Strike and Pre-Swing.

Question 24

are there any support phases during running

Answer 24

no , heel strike replaced with flight stage

Question 25

what is a hernia

Answer 25

Internal part of the body pushes through a weakness in muscle or surrounding tissue wall

Question 26

umbilical hernia

Answer 26

belly button

Question 27

inguinal hernia

Answer 27

part of intestine through abdominal wall

Question 28

femoral hernia

where is the pain

Answer 28

inner upper thigh causing stomach pain , bowel pushed through

Question 29

surgery for hernias

Answer 29

Open

Laparoscopic surgery

Question 30

direct inguinal hernia

Answer 30

wall of the abdomen weak

Question 31

indirect inguinal hernia

Answer 31

inguinal ring fails to close

Question 32

borders of the femoral triangle and pneumonic

Answer 32

inguinal ligament , sartorius and adductor longus

NAVEL

Question 33

borders of the popliteal fossa

Answer 33

bicep femoris - superolaterla
semitendinous and semi-membranous -supmed
informed- medial head gastro
inflat- lateral head of gastro and planters