Gait cycle and locomotion Flashcards

1
Q

Role of the ITB and tensor fascia lata in moving and resting?

A

locks the knee in hyperextension and support and stabilises the knee during extension

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2
Q

role of the popliteus

what does it pull on in knee flexion

A

unlocks the knee
lateral rotation of the femur during stance and pulls on the lateral meniscus preventing it being crushed during knee flexion

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3
Q

muscles used during the stance phase

A

gluteus maximus extends hip
hamstrings flex knee
gastro, soles and plantaris and tendon plantar flex

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4
Q

muscles during the swing phase

A

flex hip by illipsoaas , RF,S,P

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5
Q

eccentric

A

muscles are actively lengthened

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6
Q

amortisation

A

stretched components of muscle/tendon store energy

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7
Q

concentric

A

muscles are shortened and force is produced

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8
Q

What gait
asymmetrical
leg in extension
flexion of hip to prevent foot drop and drag

A

hemiplegic gate

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9
Q

causes of hemiplegic gait

A

stroke,
brain tumour
MS
prolapsed intervertebral disc

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10
Q

what gait
bilateral
legs overlap
circumduction of both legs

A

Spastic ( Equinas) gait

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11
Q

causes of spastic gait

A

cerebral palsy

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12
Q
what gait
freeze and go 
short stepping and shuffling 
stooped posture and hypomimia 
reduction of gait speed 
hesitancy
A

parkinsonian gait

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13
Q

Causes of a parkinsonian gait

what is the Parkinson’s triad

A

parsons triad ( tremor, rigidity and Brady kinesia) could be drug induced

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14
Q

what gait
broad based
foot stamping
unilateral cerebellar lesion present

A

ataxic gait

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15
Q

Causes of an ataxic gate

A

stroke , MS

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16
Q

what gait
weakness of dorsiflex - nerves
high stepping gait

A

foot drop gait

17
Q

what gait
waddling
weak hip abductors so can’t stabilise the pelvis
body compensates by leg swing

A

Trendelenburg gait

18
Q

What causes a trendelenburg gait

A

hyper and hypoparathyroidism , Duchens muscular dystrophy

19
Q

Which muscle has been weakened in the Trendelenburg Gait?

A

gluteus medius

20
Q

you see a drop in the pelvis on the affected or unaffected side in a trendelenburg gait?

A

unaffected when lifting unaffected side leg

21
Q

one gait cycle

A

heel strike to heel strike.

22
Q

Normal gait is 60% stance and 40% swing. true or false

23
Q

when do you have no double support

A

during Heel Strike and Pre-Swing.

24
Q

are there any support phases during running

A

no , heel strike replaced with flight stage

25
what is a hernia
Internal part of the body pushes through a weakness in muscle or surrounding tissue wall
26
umbilical hernia
belly button
27
inguinal hernia
part of intestine through abdominal wall
28
femoral hernia | where is the pain
inner upper thigh causing stomach pain , bowel pushed through
29
surgery for hernias
Open | Laparoscopic surgery
30
direct inguinal hernia
wall of the abdomen weak
31
indirect inguinal hernia
inguinal ring fails to close
32
borders of the femoral triangle and pneumonic
inguinal ligament , sartorius and adductor longus | NAVEL
33
borders of the popliteal fossa
bicep femoris - superolaterla semitendinous and semi-membranous -supmed informed- medial head gastro inflat- lateral head of gastro and planters