Gait cycle and locomotion Flashcards
Role of the ITB and tensor fascia lata in moving and resting?
locks the knee in hyperextension and support and stabilises the knee during extension
role of the popliteus
what does it pull on in knee flexion
unlocks the knee
lateral rotation of the femur during stance and pulls on the lateral meniscus preventing it being crushed during knee flexion
muscles used during the stance phase
gluteus maximus extends hip
hamstrings flex knee
gastro, soles and plantaris and tendon plantar flex
muscles during the swing phase
flex hip by illipsoaas , RF,S,P
eccentric
muscles are actively lengthened
amortisation
stretched components of muscle/tendon store energy
concentric
muscles are shortened and force is produced
What gait
asymmetrical
leg in extension
flexion of hip to prevent foot drop and drag
hemiplegic gate
causes of hemiplegic gait
stroke,
brain tumour
MS
prolapsed intervertebral disc
what gait
bilateral
legs overlap
circumduction of both legs
Spastic ( Equinas) gait
causes of spastic gait
cerebral palsy
what gait freeze and go short stepping and shuffling stooped posture and hypomimia reduction of gait speed hesitancy
parkinsonian gait
Causes of a parkinsonian gait
what is the Parkinson’s triad
parsons triad ( tremor, rigidity and Brady kinesia) could be drug induced
what gait
broad based
foot stamping
unilateral cerebellar lesion present
ataxic gait
Causes of an ataxic gate
stroke , MS
what gait
weakness of dorsiflex - nerves
high stepping gait
foot drop gait
what gait
waddling
weak hip abductors so can’t stabilise the pelvis
body compensates by leg swing
Trendelenburg gait
What causes a trendelenburg gait
hyper and hypoparathyroidism , Duchens muscular dystrophy
Which muscle has been weakened in the Trendelenburg Gait?
gluteus medius
you see a drop in the pelvis on the affected or unaffected side in a trendelenburg gait?
unaffected when lifting unaffected side leg
one gait cycle
heel strike to heel strike.
Normal gait is 60% stance and 40% swing. true or false
true
when do you have no double support
during Heel Strike and Pre-Swing.
are there any support phases during running
no , heel strike replaced with flight stage
what is a hernia
Internal part of the body pushes through a weakness in muscle or surrounding tissue wall
umbilical hernia
belly button
inguinal hernia
part of intestine through abdominal wall
femoral hernia
where is the pain
inner upper thigh causing stomach pain , bowel pushed through
surgery for hernias
Open
Laparoscopic surgery
direct inguinal hernia
wall of the abdomen weak
indirect inguinal hernia
inguinal ring fails to close
borders of the femoral triangle and pneumonic
inguinal ligament , sartorius and adductor longus
NAVEL
borders of the popliteal fossa
bicep femoris - superolaterla
semitendinous and semi-membranous -supmed
informed- medial head gastro
inflat- lateral head of gastro and planters
