Cells of the Blood

Question 1

Function of plasma- what does it help maintain

Answer 1

helps maintain blood pressure and regulates body temperature

Question 2

function of RBC

Answer 2

transports oxygen and CO2

Question 3

function of leukocytes

Answer 3

Destroys pathogens, produces antibodies against bacteria and viruses, destroy infected and cancerous cells

Question 4

function of thrombocytes

Answer 4

prevent bleeding

Question 5

Function and appearance of Neutrophil

Answer 5

multi lobed nucleus

Bacterial or fungal infection. These are the most common first responders to microbial infection- phagocytosis

Question 6

Function and appearance of eosinophil

Answer 6

bi-lobed

Parasitic infections and allergic reactions (Inflammatory)

Question 7

Function and appearance of basophil

Answer 7

bi/tri lobed nucleus

Allergic and antigen response (releases histamine causing vasodilation)

Question 8

Function and appearance of lymphocyte

Answer 8

deep stained eccentric nucleus
Include B cells, CD4+ helper T cells and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells. Operate primarily in the lymphatic system. Plasma cells produce antibodies

Question 9

Function and appearance of monocyte

Answer 9

kidney shaped nucleus

Phagocytosis of pathogens.
Presentation of antigens to T cells.

Eventually they become tissue macrophages, which remove dead cell debris and attack microorganisms
transform to macrophages

Question 10

Least common WBC

Answer 10

Basophil

0.5-1%

Question 11

What composition of plasma

Answer 11

water, proteins, salt and glucose

Question 12

Cells of the innate immune system derive from what type of precursor

Answer 12

Common myeloid progenitor

Question 13

Cells of the adaptive immune system derive from what type of precursor

Answer 13

Common lymphoid progenitor

Question 14

3 types of potency

Answer 14

Totipotent
pluripotent
multipotent

Question 15

What is erythropoiesis

Answer 15

production of red blood cells start in red bone marrow

Question 16

What is released by the juxtaglomerular cells in the kidneys in response to hypoxia fro RBC production?

Answer 16

Erythropoietin (EPO) released from renal juxtaglomerular cells and some capillaries

Question 17

What is the primary site of heamtopoesis

Answer 17

red bone marrow

Question 18

What is yellow marrow

Answer 18

It is mainly fat and replaces red bone marrow

Question 19

When can yellow bone marrow be converted to red bone marrow

Answer 19

severe bleeding

Question 20

thrombocytes are fragments that come from what

Answer 20

Megakaryocytes in red bone marrow

Question 21

What is Anemia

Answer 21

low haemoglobin or red blood cells

Question 22

Macrocytic anemia

Answer 22

red blood cells are larger than normal
Vit B-12 and folate deficiency
eldery, vegans and alcoholics

Question 23

Microcytic anaemia

Answer 23

red blood cells are smaller than normal
iron deficiency anaemia - dietary intake or blood loss
caused by sickle cell disease, thalassemia, and sideroblastic anaemia