Gait

Question 1

13 Types of Gait?

Answer 1

1. Ataxic
2. Antalgic
3. Spastic
4. Steppage
5. Myopathic
6. Trendelenberg
7. Stomping
8. Magnetic
9. Choreiform
10. Sensory
11. Hemiplegic
12. Circumduction
13. Toe walking

Question 2

Ataxic gait causes?

Answer 2

Cerebellar ataxia, Friedreich’s Ataxia

Question 3

Ataxic gait?

Answer 3

Wide based with truncal instability and irregular lurching steps which results in lateral veering and if severe, falling

Question 4

Antalgic gait?

Answer 4

Stance phase of gait is abnormally shortened relative to the swing phase, usually done to minimise pain

Question 5

Spastic gait causes?

Answer 5

CP

Question 6

Spastic gait?

Answer 6

AKA Scissor or Diplegic
Rigidity and excessive adduction of the leg in swing, plantar flexion of the ankle, flexion at the knee, adduction and internal rotation of the hip, and contractures of all spastic muscles

Question 7

Steppage gait causes?

Answer 7

Foot drop, spina bifida, polio, CMT disease

Question 8

Steppage gait?

Answer 8

AKA Neuropathic or Equine

High stepping gait so as to prevent scraping of the toe on the ground

Question 9

Myopathic gait cause?

Answer 9

Proximal myopathy

Question 10

Myopathic gait?

Answer 10

A broad based gait with a duck-like waddle to the swing phase, the pelvis drops to the side of the leg being raised with forward curvature of the lumbar spine, and a marked body swing

Question 11

Trendelenburg gait causes?

Answer 11

SUFE, DDH, Polio, Muscular dystrophy, Perthes disease

Question 12

Trendelenburg gait?

Answer 12

During the stance phase, the weakened abductor muscles allow the pelvis to tilt down on the opposite side. To compensate, the trunk lurches to the weakened side to attempt to maintain a level pelvis throughout the gait cycle

Question 13

Stomping gait?

Answer 13

Bilateral high steppage due to lack of proprioception e.g. FA

Question 14

Magnetic gait?

Answer 14

Feet seem as if magnetically attracted to the floor, normal pressure hydrocephalus

Question 15

Choreiform gait?

Answer 15

Irregular, jerky, involuntary movements in all extremities. Walking may accentuate their baseline movement disorder. Sydenham’s chorea, Huntington’s.

Question 16

Sensory gait?

Answer 16

In an effort to know when the feet land and its location, the patient will slam the foot hard onto the ground in order to sense it

Question 17

Hemiplegic gait?

Answer 17

Unilateral weakness on the affected side, arm flexed, adducted and internally rotated. Leg on same side is in extension with plantar flexion of the foot and toes. When walking, the patient will hold his or her arm to one side and drags his or her affected leg in a semicircle (circumduction) due to weakness of leg flexors and extended foot

Question 18

Circumduction gait?

Answer 18

Excessive hip abduction during the leg swings stage. Leg length discrepancy/spacticity eg. JIA, CP.

Question 19

Toe walking gait?

Answer 19

Absent heel contact. Normal, spastic upper motor neurone neurological disease, lysosomal storage disorder.