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F16: Anatomy Test 3 > G: Scapular & Pectoral > Flashcards

G: Scapular & Pectoral Flashcards

1
Q

What is the action of the deltoid muscle?

A

Primary: abduct humerus

Secondary: Flex, extend, & rotate humerus

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2
Q

Deltoid nurovasculature?

A

Axillary nerve (C5, C6)

posterior circumflex humeral vessels

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3
Q

Teres major muscle actions?

A

Medially rotate and extend humerus

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4
Q

Teres major nurovasculature?

A

Lower (inferior) subscapular nerve (C5-C7)

subscapular vessels

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5
Q

Supraspinatus muscle action?

A

Abducts humerus for the first 15 degrees

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6
Q

Supraspinatus muscle nurovasculature?

A

Suprascapular nerve (C5, C6)

suprascapular vessels and dorsal scapular vessels.

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7
Q

Infraspinatus muscle action?

A

Laterally rotates the humerus

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8
Q

Infraspinatus muscle nurovasculature?

A

Suprascapular nerve (C5, C6)

suprascapular vessels and subscapular vessels

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9
Q

Teres minor muscle actions?

A

Lateral rotation of the humerus

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10
Q

Teres minor muscle nurovasculature

A

Axillary nerve (C5, C6)

suprascapular vessels and subscapular vessels.

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11
Q

Subscapularis muscle actions?

A

Medial rotation of the humerus.

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12
Q

Subscapularis muscle nurovasculature?

A

Upper and lower subscapular nerves

subscapular vessels

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13
Q

What provides the outer muscular support of the shoulder region?

A

Deltoid muscle

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14
Q

What muscles provide the inner rotator cuff support of the shoulder region.

A

SITS

Supraspinatus: superior

Infraspinatus: lateral

Teres minor: lateral/slightly inferior

Subscapularis: medial/slightly inferior

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15
Q

What is found in the subacromial bursa?

A

Lubricating synovial fluid

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16
Q

Does the subacromial bursa communicate with the joint capsule?

A

No. It is superior to the supraspinatus muscle

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17
Q

What happens to the subacromial bursa with age?

A

May join with joint capsule as supraspinatus tendon degenerates.

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18
Q

What are the borders of the quadrangular space?

A 
Superior = teres minor
Inferior = teres major
Medial = long head of triceps brachii
Lateral = surgical neck of humerus
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19
Q

What passes through the quadrangular space?

A

Axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral vessels

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20
Q

What are the borders of the triangular space?

A

Superior: Teres minor
Inferior: teres major
Lateral: long head of triceps brachii

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21
Q

What passes through the triangular space?

A

Circumflex scapular vessels

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22
Q

What are the borders of the triangular interval?

A 
Superior = teres major
Medial = long head of triceps brachii
Lateral = lateral head of triceps brachii
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23
Q

What passes through the triangular interval?

A

Radial nerve and deep brachial artery (aka profunda brachial artery)

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24
Q

How do the suprascapular nerve and artery differ in their paths?

A

Nerve: runs UNDER superior transverse scapular ligament and THRU suprascapular notch

Artery: runs OVER sup trans scap lig and ABOVE suprascapular notch

25
Q

What muscles do the suprascapular nerve and artery supply?

A

Supraspinatus and infraspinatus

26
Q

What cervical nerves supply the suprascapular nerve?

A

Ventral rami of C5-C6

27
Q

What cervical rami supple the dorsal scapular nerve?

A

Ventral ramus of C5

28
Q

What muscles do the dorsal scapular nerve and deep transverse cervical artery supply?

A

Levator scapulae & rhomboid muscles

29
Q

What nerve runs with the deep transverse cervical artery?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

30
Q

What nerve runs along the transverse cervical artery?

A

Accessory nerve (CN XI) after descending through the neck.

31
Q

T/F: Superficial transverse cervical artery runs deep to the trapezius muscle?

A

True

32
Q

What muscle do the accessory nerve and transverse cervical artery supply?

A

Trapezius muscle

33
Q

What muscle do the upper and lower subscapular nerves and subscapular artery supply?

A

All: subscapularis muscle

Lower subscapularis nerve & subscapularis artery: teres major

34
Q

What is the reasoning for collateral circulation?

A

Ensures adequate blood supply to UL in event of insufficient flow through axillary artery

35
Q

Where is the ligature for the collateral circulation of the scapular region?

A

On the axial artery between the thyrocervical truck and subscapular artery

36
Q

Is the sternum part of the pectoral girdle?

A

NO

37
Q

What are the three functions of the clavicle bone?

A
  1. Holding UL free from trunk for max range of motion
  2. Provide attachments for muscles
  3. Transmit forces from UL -> axial skeleton
38
Q

What bone connects the clavicle to the humerus?

A

Scapula

39
Q

What ribs do the scapula span vertically?

A

2nd - 7th

40
Q

What are the three joints of the shoulder complex?

A
  1. Sternoclavicular
  2. Acromioclavicular
  3. Glenohumeral
41
Q

What is the action of the pectoralis major muscle?

A

Adducts and medially rotates humerus

42
Q

What is the nurovasculature for the pectoralis major muscle?

A

medial and lateral pectoral nerve

Thoracoacrominal vessels

43
Q

What is the action of pectoralis minor muscle?

A

Protracts scapular

44
Q

What is the neurovascular supply of the pectoralis minor muscle?

A

Medial pectoral nerve

Thoracoacromial vessels

45
Q

What major artery does the lateral thoracic artery branch from?

A

Axillary artery (deep to pec minor)

46
Q

What does the lateral thoracic artery supply?

A

Lateral thorax, lateral pec region, lateral breast

47
Q

What major artery does the internal thoracic artery branch from?

A

Subclavian artery

48
Q

What does the internal thoracic artery supply?

A

Anterior thorax, medial pec region, medial breast

49
Q

What major artery does the thoracoacromial artery branch from?

A

Axillary artery (under pec minor)

50
Q

What are the four branches of the thoracoacromial artery?

A

Pectoral artery - upper pec region
Clavicular artery - clavicle region
Acromial artery - upper shoulder region
Deltoid artery - lower shoulder region

51
Q

What vertebral levels give rise to the cutaneous nerves of the pectoral regions?

A

T1-T6

52
Q

What ventral vertebral rami give rise to the medial pectoral nerve?

A

C8-T1

53
Q

What muscle(s) does the medial pectoral nerve innervate?

A

Pectoralis minor and part of pec major

54
Q

What ventral vertebral rami give rise to the lateral pectoral nerve?

A

C5-C7

55
Q

What muscle does the lateral pectoral nerve innervate?

A

Pectoralis major

56
Q

Which pectoral nerve pierces the pectoralis minor muscle?

A

Medial pectoral nerve

57
Q

What ventral vertebral rami give rise to the long thoracic nerve?

A

C5-C7

58
Q

What muscle does the long thoracic nerve supply?

A

Serratus anterior superficially

59
Q

What nerve can be damaged during a mastectomy resulting in a “winged scapula”?

A

Long thoracic nerve

F16: Anatomy Test 3 (11 decks)

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