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F16: Anatomy Test 3 > Elbow, Cubital Fossa, Forearm > Flashcards

Elbow, Cubital Fossa, Forearm Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three bony articulations of the elbow joint?

A
  1. Trochlear notch of ulna and trochlea of humerus
  2. Head of radius and capitulum of humerus
  3. Head of radius and radial notch of ulna (proximal radio-ulnar joint)
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2
Q

What does the radial collateral ligament connect? What forces does it resist?

A

Connects lateral radius and humerus

Resists forces from midline (varus)

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3
Q

What does the ulnar collateral ligament connect and what forces does it resist?

A

Connects medial ulnar with humerus

Resists forces toward the midline (valgus)

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4
Q

What function does the anular ligament serve?

A

Wraps radial head and keeps it in place

Radial head can be pulled distally as a child

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5
Q

Which artery splits into the radial and ulnar arteries in the cubital fossa?

A

Brachial artery

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6
Q

What artery anastomoses with the superior ulnar collateral artery?

A

Posterior ulnar recurrent artery

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7
Q

What artery anastomoses with the inferior ulnar collateral artery?

A

Anterior ulnar recurrent artery

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8
Q

What artery anastomoses with the radial collateral artery?

A

Radial recurrent artery

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9
Q

Which artery anastomoses with the middle collateral artery?

A

Recurrent interosseus artery

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10
Q

What are the medial and lateral boundaries for the cubital fossa?

A

Medial: pronator teres muscle
Lateral: brachioradialis
Deep: brachialis muscle

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11
Q

What goes through the cubital fossa? (Lateral to medial)

A

TAN

Tendon of biceps brachii
brachial Artery
median Nerve

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12
Q

What is the only major structure transmitted through the elbow that passes posteriorly?

A

Ulnar nerve

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13
Q

What are the two major superficial veins in the forearm and what vein connects them at the cubital fossa?

A

Medial: basilic vein
Lateral: cephalic vein

Median cubital vein connects them

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14
Q

What are the two cutaneous nerves of the anterior forearm?

A

Medial cutaneous nerve: direct branch from brachial plexus

Lateral cutaneous nerve: continuation of musculocutaneous nerve

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15
Q

What structure serves as protection for the brachial artery and median nerve in the cubital fossa?

A

Bicipital aponeurosis

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16
Q

T/F: The anterior component of the forearm will flex the wrist, flex the digits, and supinate the hand.

A

FALSE

Anterior pronates the hand!

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17
Q

Distal radio-ulnar joint connects which bony features?

A

Ulnar notch of radius and head of ulna

18
Q

What is the membrane connecting the radius and ulna, therefore separating the anterior and posterior components of the forearm?

A

Interosseous membrane

19
Q

T/F: The anterior forearm has three layers of muscles, while the posterior forearm has two layers of muscles.

A

TRUE

20
Q

All muscles of the anterior forearm are innervated by the median nerve except…

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris: ulnar nerve

Medial half of flexor digitorum profundus: digits 4 and 5 innervated by ulnar nerve

21
Q

The four superficial anterior forearm muscles from lateral (index) to medial (pinky)?

A

Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris

22
Q

What is the action of the pronator teres?

A

Pronate the forearm

23
Q

What is the action of the flexor carpi radialis?

A

Flexion and abduction of the wrist

24
Q

What is the function of palmaris longus?

A

Flex wrist and tense aponeurosis in the hand

Very thin; may be absent

25
Q

What is the action of the flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

Flex and adduct wrist

ULNAR NERVE

26
Q

What muscle constitutes the intermediate layer of the anterior forearm? Action?

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis: large muscle, tendon goes through carpel tunnel to digits 2-5

A: flexion of PIPs (proximal) and MPs of digits 2-5

27
Q

What are the three muscles of the deep layer of the anterior forearm?

A

Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicis longus
Pronator quadratus

28
Q

What is the function of flexor digitorum profundus?

A

Goes under split tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis at the digits to attach to DIPs (distal)

A: flexion of DIPs and MPs digits 2-5

ULNAR NERVE for digits 4-5

29
Q

What is the action of flexor pollicis longus?

A

Flex the thumb

30
Q

Pronator quadratus?

A

Odd looking muscle at wrist

Pronates the forearm

31
Q

What passes through the carpel tunnel?

A

Tendons from flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus, and median nerve

32
Q

Brachioradialis?

A

OI: Connects lateral humerus to distal radius

A: accessory flexor at elbow

N: radial nerve

33
Q

Anconeus?

A

OI: shorter and goes laterally connecting lateral humerus to ulna

A: accessory extensor at elbow

N: radial nerve

34
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus?

A

OI: most lateral and goes to 2nd metacarpal

A: extends and abducts wrist

N: radial nerve

35
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis?

A

OI: 2nd most lateral and goes to 3rd metacarpal

A: extends and abducts wrist

N: radial nerve

36
Q

Extensor digitorum?

A

OI: most prominent muscle; sends tendons to digits 2-5

A: extends digits 2-5

N: radial nerve

37
Q

Extensor digiti minimi?

A

OI: just medial to extensor digitorum; sends tendon to digit 5

A: extend digit 5

N: radial nerve

38
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

OI: most medial muscle; goes to base of 5th metacarpal

A: extend and adduct wrist

N: radial nerve

39
Q

Supinator?

A

OI: two heads wrap around radius near the elbow

A: supination

N: radial nerve

40
Q

What are the three deep muscles that emerge between the extensor digitorum and the extensor carpi radialis brevis? (Lateral to medial)

A

Abducter pollicis longus: goes to wrist; abducts thumb

Extensor pollicis brevis: goes to proximal thumb; extends proximal thumb

Extensor pollicis longus: goes to distal thumb; extends whole thumb

41
Q

Extensor indicis?

A

OI: deep muscle deep to extensor digitorum; tendon goes to 2nd digit

A: extends index finger

N: radial nerve

F16: Anatomy Test 3 (11 decks)

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