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Promoting Healthy Populations > G&D: Young Adult to Older Adult > Flashcards

G&D: Young Adult to Older Adult Flashcards

1
Q

What stage of Erikson’s psychosocial development do young adults go through ?

A

Intimacy vs. Isolation
(20-35 yrs old)

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2
Q

What stage of Erikson’s psychosocial development do Middle-aged adults go through ?

A

Generativity vs. Stagnation
(35-65 yrs old)

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3
Q

What stage of Erikson’s psychosocial development do Older-Adults go through ?

A

Ego Integrity vs. Despair
(65+)

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4
Q

Intimacy vs. Isolation

A

increased sense of competency/self-esteem where you learn to develop reciprocal intimate relationships (requires mutual trust)
- “Will I be loved or will I be alone ?”
- Being able to form healthy relationship with friends, family members, acquaintances, and others
- plays important role in creating supporting networks of physical and mental health
- if you fail in intimacy then you will feel lonely and can develop unhealthy diets, depression, cardiovascular disease, stress

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5
Q

What stage of Piaget’s cognitive development do young adults go through ?

A

formal operational

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6
Q

What physical developments do young adults go through ?

A
  • full growth by age 20
  • optimal muscle strength and you’re at your healthiest
  • stable period of physical development
  • usually quite active
  • tend to ignore symptoms
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7
Q

What cognitive changes do young adults go through ?

A
  • critical thinking skills improve
  • where you curate and teach how to tone their critical thinking skills that will pertain to their profession
  • optimal time for both formal and informal educational experiences
  • memory peaks in the 20s
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8
Q

What are some psychosocial changes that young adults go through ?

A
  • insecurity with home, world, and life causes stress and rigidity in the early young adult period (do you move away from home and siblings ?)
  • maturing relationships and roles
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9
Q

What are some health concerns/promotions for young adults ?

A
  • preventative care like screenings
  • decrease incidence of accidents, injuries, and violence
  • develop behaviors to promote healthy lifestyles
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10
Q

What are some injury and violence prevention measures for young adults ?

A
  • suicide and depression
  • occupational hazards/stressors
  • chemical agents
  • sexual assault
  • intimate partner violence
  • accidents (unintentional falls, overexertion)
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11
Q

Generativity vs. Stagnation

A

during this stage you strive to create or nurture things that will outlast them and want to contribute to society and promote future generations
- “How can I contribute to the world ?”
- generativity refers to “making your mark on the world” and to contribute to things to make the world a better place and desire to care for others
- If you fail in this generativity then may feel unproductive in and uninvolved with the world and you may be self-centered & fail to get involved with others

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12
Q

What stage of Piaget’s cognitive development do Middle-aged adults go through ?

A

formal operations

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13
Q

What cognitive changes do middle-aged adults go through ?

A
  • continue to accumulate “ learning” intelligence
  • abilities for complex problems of reasoning
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14
Q

What biological changes does your body go through as a middle-aged adult ?

A
  • thinning, graying hair
  • skin drier, wrinkles
  • decreased muscle mass/density, fat disposition changes
  • hormonal changes in women
  • leading causes of death are heart disease, cancer, and accidents
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15
Q

What perceptual changes occurs with middle-aged adults ?

A
  • presbyopia (farsightedness) develops
  • decreased visual sensitivity and peripheral vision
  • auditory acuity for high pitched sounds decreases (presbycusis)
  • diminished sense of taste
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16
Q

What are some psychosocial changes middle-aged adults go through ?

A
  • midlife crisis (time of reassessment, turmoil, change) and it occurs as an abrupt and drastic shift in priorities and values
  • caring for aging parents
  • multiple responsibilities and stresses (single parent families, civic responsibilities)
  • divorce, death, work
17
Q

What does the sandwich generation refer to ?

A

middle-aged adults that have to care for both their kids and their aging parents

18
Q

What are some sleep habits that change for middle-aged adults ?

A
  • less time in deep sleep and less sleep overall
  • occasional napping
19
Q

What are some health concerns and promotions for middle-aged adults ?

A
  • recovering from an injury or illness may take longer
  • chronic illnesses affect roles and responsibilities
  • assessment of health promotion activities (regular exercise, nutrition, sleep, leisure activities, screenings, smoking cessation)
20
Q

What are some injury and violence prevention for middle aged adults ?

A
  • look first, wear the gear, get trained, buckle up, driver sober, seek help
  • intimate partner violence
21
Q

Ego Integrity vs. Despair

A

when you look back at life and feel satisfied with how you lived your life, or you look back and have lots of regrets
- success is where you feel good with the community you are a part of and feel invested in this and have a complete and reliable support system
- unsuccessful is where you feel like your life was “lived in vain”

22
Q

What are some cognitive changes in older adults ?

A
  • memory loss (to be expected)
  • language difficulties
  • impaired judgement/reasoning (not always)
  • keeping active and engaged in ADL can help keep cognitive function
23
Q

What are some psychosocial changes in older adults ?

A
  • loss of former roles like child, sibling, spouse
  • gain a grand parenting role (can bring happiness and joy)
  • retirement (can be positive and negative)
24
Q

What are some psychosocial concerns in older adults ?

A
  • depression (older adults at a higher risk) because they can see themselves as a burden
  • suicide because of social isolation, believes “they are going to die soon anyways”, highest risk in elderly
25
Q

What are some nutrition and sleep concerns in older adults ?

A
  • can be malnourished because of inaccess to food, GI decline, anorexia because of medication
  • high prevalence of sleep disorders (decrease in total hours slept)
26
Q

What are some nursing interventions that can be done for Older adults ?

A
  • teach about normal changes in aging sleep
  • increasing physical activity
  • pain management
  • environmental adjustments (lights/sounds)
  • short term sleep medications
27
Q

What are some health concerns for older adults ?

A
  • falls: leading cause of morbidity/mortality
  • osteoporosis
  • preventing injury
  • influenza: major cause of morbidity/mortality
  • pneumococcal infections
  • tuberculosis
28
Q

What is delirium ?

A

it’s an acute confusional state that can occur after recover from infection, surgery, etc
- results in confusion and other disruptions in thinking and behavior, including changes in perception, attention, mood and activity level

29
Q

What are some prevention strategies for delirium ?

A
  • keep things as consistent as possible
  • protect sleep time
  • meet physical needs
  • give them something to do
  • get family to spend time with patient
30
Q

What is dementia ?

A

it’s a chronic, overall decline where you will not recover
- associated with a decline in memory or other thinking skills severe enough to reduce a person’s ability to perform everyday activities
- caused by damage to brain cells

31
Q

How do we help lessen the symptoms of dementia ?

A
  • encourage older adults with dementia to take classes, read, engage in stimulating conversations to keep their minds active
  • pharmacological and nonpharmacological methods to manage symptpms
32
Q

What are some health promotion strategies for older adults ?

A
  • participating in screening activities
  • regular exercise
  • regular dental visits
  • smoking cessation
  • immunization
33
Q

What link does spirituality and aging have ?

A
  • allows a person to experience a transcendent (beyond) meaning in life
  • gives them a sense of meaning and purpose in life
34
Q

What is the difference between spirituality vs. religion ?

A

Spirituality:
- individual and non-institutional/not organized
- “where do I find meaning ?”
- texts have personal meaning
Religion:
- institutional/organizational
- “what is true or right ?”
- religious text of tradition

35
Q

What is the link between religion and health outcomes ?

A
  • research suggests that being involved with a religious organization is correlated with improved health outcomes
  • for each of the 3 leading causes of death in the U.S people with religious beliefs have lower rates of illness

Promoting Healthy Populations (12 decks)

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