fxnl Histo of Liver [1]

Question 1

Liver receives 70-75% of blood supplies from

Answer 1

hepatic portal vein

Question 2

porta hepatis

Answer 2

hepatic portal vein and hepatic artery enter liver with bile duct through porta hepatis

Question 3

Classic lobule

Answer 3

anastomosing plates of hepatocytes arranged radially around a CENTRAL VEIN
- Interlobular vessels (2 types) are located at the 6 vertices to carry incoming blood from both hepatic portal vein and hepatic artery

Interlobular vessels (artery and vein) + bile duct + lymphatic space (space of mall) → portal triad

Question 4

Portal lobule

Answer 4

triangle shape between 3 central veins
- zone of tissue around a BILE DUCT in which a group of bile canaliculi feed

Bile secretory fxnal unit

Question 5

Acinar lobule

Answer 5

short axis between 2 portal triads and a
long axis between 2 central veins

Blood delivery unit

Question 6

with the acinar lobule, which zone gets affected first
Oxygen deprivation
Toxins

Answer 6

Oxygen deprivation/Ischemia
- zone 3: around central vein will die first
(vessels need oxygen)

Toxins
- zone 1: near the septa will die first
(near distributing vessels)

Question 7

Bile flow

Answer 7

Bile canaliculi →
small bile ductules (canals of hering) →
interlobular bile ducts (of portal triad)→
lobar ducts →
common hepatic duct

Question 8

fxns of hepatocytes

Answer 8

1. take up glucose → stores as glycogen
2. produce albumin
3. produce clotting glycoproteins (fibrinogen+prothrombin)
4. produces lipoproteins
5. take up lipid soluble TOXINS from gut and BILIRUBIN from spleen and detoxify them through conjugating them with glucoronic acid and then eliminate excess cholesterol in bile

Question 9

Kupffer cells

Answer 9

macrophages that also forms fenestrated endothelial layer (like sinusoids) adjacent to hepatocytes
- large nuclei and phagocytose material

Question 10

Gallbladder

- structure

Answer 10

• Mucosal layer is extensively folded
• Has columnar epithelium adjacent to lumen with microvilli and tight jxns
• Folded basolateral surfaces to transport salt and water
• LP has lymphocytes and plasma cells
• Muscularis externa has smooth muscles
• Outer adventitia has large blood vessels in CT and adipose tissue

(looks like SI with lots of muscle)